英語口譯三級精講第62講講義

課文口譯（四）

一、口譯技巧

1.詞性轉(zhuǎn)換
動詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞
The world community is challenged to evolve a new system of international cooperation ⋯
世界大家庭所面臨的挑戰(zhàn)是發(fā)展一種新的國際合作體系，⋯⋯

名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞
We must all be concerned about the persistence of internal conflicts, more especially in our region of Africa.
我們必須關(guān)注持續(xù)不斷的國內(nèi)沖突，特別是我們非洲地區(qū)的沖突。（同時運用重復(fù)的技巧。）

2.增詞
We must all resolve to strengthen and reinvigorate the United Nations for the work ahead.
我們必須下決心加強(qiáng)和振興聯(lián)合國，以做好未來的工作。（譯文中增加動詞）

3.短語單獨成句
The unfortunate destruction of lives and properties and their effects on the weaker members of the society, namely children and women, remind us as members of the UN that our objective of world peace is still beyond many communities.
生命和財產(chǎn)遭到了不幸的摧殘和破壞，它們對弱勢群體即婦女和兒童的影響提醒我們這些聯(lián)合國的成員，世界和平這一目標(biāo)在許多地區(qū)還遠(yuǎn)未實現(xiàn)。名詞短語單獨成句：原文中名詞短語“The unfortunate destruction of lives and properties”單獨成句。反譯：原文中“beyond”采用反譯技巧

4.省略
These conflicts have proved to be very brutal, savage and devastating.
這些沖突非常殘忍、野蠻、破壞力強(qiáng)。

5.句子成分轉(zhuǎn)換
The new age is being shaped by forces of globalization that are turning our world into a village.
受全球化的影響，世界在新的時代正變成一座地球村。（原文主語“The new age”轉(zhuǎn)化為譯文中的狀語，原文定語從句的賓語“world”轉(zhuǎn)化為主句的主語）

6.被動轉(zhuǎn)化為主動
At the first South Summit held in Havana Cuba last April, it was resolved that a new and meaningful partnership with the industrialized nations needed to be forged, in order to make this earth a better for all of us.
去年4月在古巴哈瓦那舉行了首屆南方首腦會議，會議決定我們需要與發(fā)達(dá)國家建立一種嶄新的、有意義的合作伙伴關(guān)系，把地球建成一個更美好的家園。短語單獨成句：原文中介詞短語“At the first South Summit held in Havana Cuba last April”單獨成句。增詞：被動轉(zhuǎn)化為主動增加主語

三、擴(kuò)展詞匯和句型

和平共處五項原則 The Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence
公使館 legation
禮賓司 protocol department
聯(lián)絡(luò)處 liaison office
中立國 neutral state
常駐代表 permanent representative
全方位外交 multi-faceted diplomacy
不結(jié)盟政策 non-aligned diplomacy
霸權(quán)主義和強(qiáng)權(quán)政治 hegemony and power politics
相互尊重、求同存異 the principle of mutual respect and seek common ground while shelving differences
高層次、全方位的對話 high-level and all-directional dialogue
國家部分大小，應(yīng)該一律平等。All countries, big or small, should be equal.
和平和發(fā)展仍然是當(dāng)今世界的兩大主題。Peace and development remain the two overriding issues of our time.
我們兩國人民的友誼源遠(yuǎn)流長。The friendship between our tow peoples dates back to ancient times.