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The aging process is not pathologic.
年老并非疾病。
As one writer has said, nobody ever died of old age.
正如一位作家所說，沒有人因年老去世。
However, we often find that pathologic conditions occur as a complication of aging.
然而，我們通常會發(fā)現(xiàn)疾病似乎總是與年老相伴而生。
The exact cause of aging remains unknown. Some scientists guess that hormones and fibrous proteins determine aging.
年老的具體原因現(xiàn)在依然未知。一些科學家推測年老與荷爾蒙和纖維蛋白。
Others see that the secret of aging lies in the genetic structure of the DNA.
還有一些人相信年老與DNA的遺傳物質結構有關。
Recent studies indicate that stress, nutrition and environment factors play important parts.
最近的研究表明壓力、營養(yǎng)以及環(huán)境因素在年老中扮演重要角色。
All agree that aging means the body's processes slow down.
但是大家達成共識的一點是年老都意味著機體官能減慢。
There are steady degenerative physical changes in all the body's system based on cell loss.
細胞流失導致整個機體系統(tǒng)性地穩(wěn)步退化。
2 disciplines associated with aging are gerontology and geriatrics.
與老年相關的兩門學科分別是老年醫(yī)學和老年病學。
Gerontology is the scientific study of all the aspects of the aging process.
老年醫(yī)學是一門研究年老過程各個方面的學科。
Geriatrics is the study of diseases associated with the elderly.
老年病學是研究老年疾病的學科。
In order to meet the needs of their elderly patients, nurses study geriatrics, the physiology of aging in common pathologic conditions.
為了滿足老年病人的需要，護士應當學習老年病學這門常見老年生理疾病的學科。
Old people are likely candidates for degenerative diseases, that is, those with symptoms that manifest themselves over a long period of time.
老年人患上退行性疾病的可能性較大，退行性疾病的癥狀會在一個長期的過程中慢慢顯現(xiàn)出來。
People age at different rates, some more rapidly than others.
人們年老的速度不同，一些人比一些人快。
The only generalization that is safe to make is this: elderly persons often have more than one degenerative illness at a time.
唯一可以基本肯定的是老年人通常會同時患有多種退行性疾病。
The common health problems in old age involve various systems of the body.
常見的老年健康問題通常會牽涉體內多個系統(tǒng)。
Let's take the cardiovascular system. Cerebral vascular accident (CVA) or stroke, is the third leading cause of death in the elderly.
讓我們心血管系統(tǒng)舉例。腦血管意外（腦卒）又稱“中風”是造成老年人死亡的第三大疾病。
Strokes may occur without any warning. Results of stroke often are hemiplegia, paralysis of one side of the body, slurred speech, coma and death.
中風發(fā)作可能沒有任何預先的征兆。中風的通常后果是半身不遂、偏癱、口齒不清、突然昏仆以及死亡。
Appropriate medical and nursing care improves the patient's chance of survival and minimize the limitations of recovery.
適當?shù)尼t(yī)療護理可以提高患者的存活幾率，減少康復阻力。
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