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After the operation, the surgical patient often needs intensive care.
手術之后，外科病人通常需要加強護理。
Here there are some reasons. Of course, some common problems will occur.
這其中有一些原因。當然，也會有一些常見問題出現。
The problems can be expected and therefore anticipated.
這些問題是可以預見的。
After the operation, patients often need hemodynamic monitoring.
手術之后需要對病人進行血流動力學監護。
Many of the conditions are related to basic medical problems.
病人的很多癥狀與基本的臨床問題相關。
Some patients will have intraoperative hemorrhage or postoperative infection.
一些病人會出現術中出血或術后感染。
It may lead to instability. So the patient needs special care.
這會導致手術后病情恢復不穩定。因此病人需要特別看護。
This will be much more common after emergency surgical procedures.
這種情況在急救手術病人身上更為常見。
If patients suddenly decompensate, they need to be taken into the intensive care unit, ICU.
如果病人突然代謝失調，需要將其送入重癥加強護理病房。
Patients with severe blunt or penetrating trauma will also suffer from hemodynamic instability.
鈍挫傷及穿透性創傷患者還會出現血流動力學不穩定。
Very often, they will have an immediate inflammatory response which is caused by severe bone and soft tissue injury.
他們很可能會出現急性炎癥反應，這是由嚴重骨質或者軟組織受傷所致。
If hypovolemic shock occurs, then it shows that the injury is serious. The patient sometimes needs blood transfusion to correct the deficit.
如果出現低血容量性休克，這表明傷勢嚴重。有時需要對病人進行輸血來補充其體內血液。
Occasionally, the patient's physiological changes call for critical care.
病人的生理變化偶爾也會需要特別監護。
If patients have nontrauma emergencies that are related to perforated viscous or necrotic bowel, an even greater total body insult will occur.
如果非創傷性疾病的急救患者的病癥與腸穿孔粘滯或腸壞死有關，那么患者整個機體可能會受其影響。
Each insult leads to a systemic inflammatory response.
這些影響會分別導致各個器官的系統性炎癥反應。
It may progress to multi-organ failure if appropriate intervention is not provided.
如果不采取有效治療，患者可能出現多器官功能衰竭 。
Collectively, these surgical patients cover the majority of the patients who have to be sent to the ICU.
總而言之，重癥加護病房的患者大部分是外科手術患者。
譯文屬可可原創，僅供學習和交流使用，未經允許不得轉載
