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5.Jury
5.陪審團
As indicated earlier, in the United States, there are two separate and independent court systems.
如前文所示，在美國有兩個獨立的法院體制：
The first consists of the courts of the United States, known as the federal courts;
一個是聯邦法院，由美利堅合眾國的法院組成；
the second is the judicial system of each separate state of the United States, known as the state courts.
一個是州法院，每個州都有各自的司法體制。
Although each system is structured to handle different types of cases, there is much overlap.
雖然聯邦法院和州法院各自處理不同類型的案件，但是有許多重疊的地方。
Both, as a matter of constitutional right, grant to parties involved in most civil litigation,
作為一種憲法權利，兩種體制都賦予大部分民事訴訟的當事人,
the right to demand that the case be tried and determined by a jury composed of 6~12 citizens.
要求案件由陪審團審理并裁決的權利。陪審團由6~12人組成。
Most of such individual jurors have no background of legal training,
大多數陪審員沒有經過法律培訓,
and rely upon instructions given to them by a judge stating the law to be applied to the case and answer questions of guilt or innocence, liability or non-liability.
他們依賴法官向他們解釋適用于該案件的法律，并回答有罪或無罪、有責任或沒有責任的問題。
