Self-actualization or self-realization need is the need to get the maximum reward from one's life experience; to maximize one's skills, abilities, and potential. The capstone in Maslow's hierarchy, it is reaching your potential. A characteristic of people who are self-fulfilled through their work is rising to the top of an organization, a trait shown by many top executives of large corporations. The possibility of attaining self-fulfillment in work attracts many entrepreneurs to start their own businesses. Self-actualization also can be achieved by pursuing a variety of activities: a multimillionaire business owner who takes flying lessons and teaches lifesaving techniques at the local Red Cross or a registered nurse who lobbies for environmental issues and restores furniture both combine work and hobbies to achieve self-fulfillment.
自我實(shí)現(xiàn)的需求:指從一個人的生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)中獲得最大回報的需求。也就是將人的技術(shù)、能力和潛能發(fā)揮到極致。馬斯洛層次理論的最頂層就是最大限度地發(fā)揮潛能。那些通過努力工作實(shí)現(xiàn)自我滿足的人的特點(diǎn)之一便是成為公司的高層領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者,許多大公司的高層管理者的情況正好說明了這一點(diǎn)。在事業(yè)中獲得自我實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能性吸引了許多企業(yè)家開創(chuàng)自己的事業(yè)。自我實(shí)現(xiàn)也可以通過從事一些活動來實(shí)現(xiàn):億萬富翁可以學(xué)習(xí)駕駛飛機(jī)并在當(dāng)?shù)氐募t十字會講授求生技巧;一名注冊護(hù)士可以致力于宣傳環(huán)保問題以及修繕破舊的家具,兩者都將工作與愛好結(jié)合在一起來實(shí)現(xiàn)自我價值。
Maslow's view of motivation challenges and assists managers to identify the needs of each worker—an often difficult task. By analyzing comments, attitudes, quality and quantity of work, and personal circumstances, the manager can identify the particular level of need that each one is trying to satisfy. Then the manager can try to build into each job the opportunity to satisfy those needs. Every supervisor is a catalyst to motivation. If the work experience is improved, thus satisfying certain needs more fully, employees will be motivated and the manager will harvest the benefits along with them.
馬斯洛的動機(jī)理論激勵著管理者并幫助他們了解每位員工的需求——這通常是一個難題。通過分析對工作的評價、態(tài)度、工作的質(zhì)量和數(shù)量及自身情況,管理者就可以確定每名員工想要滿足的需求層次,然后管理者可以在工作中提供機(jī)會來滿足這些需求。每位管理者都是動機(jī)的催化劑。如果工作體驗(yàn)得以提升,那么需求就會更充分地得到滿足,雇員就會受到激勵,管理者們相應(yīng)地也會獲益。
來源:可可英語 http://www.ccdyzl.cn/daxue/201708/519796.shtml