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Asimov explains why there is much more in intelligence than just being able to score high on intelligence tests.
阿西莫夫說明了為什么智力遠(yuǎn)非只是在智力測試中取得高分。
What Is Intelligence, Anyway?
智力到底是什么？
Isaac Asimov
艾薩克·阿西莫夫
What is intelligence, anyway? When I was in the army I received a kind of aptitude test that all soldiers took and, against a normal of 100, scored 160. No one at the base had ever seen a figure like that and for two hours they made a big fuss over me. （It didn't mean anything. The next day I was still a buck private with KP as my highest duty.）
智力到底是什么呢？當(dāng)我在部隊(duì)服役時(shí)，我曾接受過一種所有士兵都參加的智能測驗(yàn)，在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)得分為100的情況下，得了160。基地上沒有哪個(gè)人曾見過這樣的高分，于是他們便對我大加吹捧了兩個(gè)小時(shí)之久。（這對我毫無意義。第二天我仍然是一名列兵，最高的職務(wù)是擔(dān)任伙食值勤員。）
All my life I've been registering scores like that, so that I have the complacent feeling that I'm highly intelligent, and I expect other people to think so, too. Actually, though, don't such scores simply mean that I am very good at answering the type of academic questions that are considered worthy of answers by the people who make up the intelligence tests —people with intellectual bents similar to mine?
我一生中一直得到這樣的髙分，因此便有一種自鳴得意之感，認(rèn)為自己非常聰明，而且期望別人也這樣認(rèn)為。然而，實(shí)際上，難道這類分?jǐn)?shù)不是僅僅意味著我很善于回答那些編制智力測驗(yàn)的人們——智力愛好跟我類似的人們——認(rèn)為值得回答的那類學(xué)究式的問題嗎？
For instance, I had an auto repairman once, who, on these intelligence tests, could not possibly have scored more than 80, by my estimate. I always took it for granted that I was far more intelligent than he was. Yet, when anything went wrong with my car I hastened to him with it, watched him anxiously as he explored its vitals, and listened to his pronouncements as though they were divine oracles — and he always fixed my car.
比方說吧，我過去有位汽車修理師，據(jù)我估計(jì)，在這類智力測驗(yàn)中，他的得分不大可能會(huì)超過80。我過去總是想當(dāng)然地以為我比他聰明得多。然而，每當(dāng)我的汽車出了毛病，我總是急急忙忙地去找他，焦急地注視著他檢查汽車的主要部位，恭聽著他的見解，仿佛聆聽神諭一般——而他總能把我的汽車修好。
