增譯法
• 根據英漢兩種語言不同的思維方式、語言習慣和表達方式,在翻譯時增添一些詞、短句或句子,以便更準確地表達出原文所包含的意義。這種方式多半用在漢譯英里。
• 漢語無主句較多,而英語句子一般都要有主語,所以在翻譯漢語無主句的時候,除了少數可用英語無主句、被動語態或“There be…”結構來翻譯以外,一般都要根據語境補出主語,使句子完整。
• Indeed, the reverse is true. 實際情況恰好相反。 (增譯名詞)
• 就是法西斯國家本國的人民也被剝奪了人權
Even the people in the fascist countries were stripped of their human rights.(增譯物主代詞)
• 只許州官放火,不許百姓點燈。
While the magistrates were free to burn down house, the common people were forbidden to light lamps. (增譯連詞)
• 這是我們兩國人民的又一個共同點。 This is yet another common point between the people of our two countries.(增譯介詞)
• 在人權領域,中國反對以大欺小、以強凌弱。In the field of human rights, China
opposes the practice of the big oppressingthe small and the strong bullying the weak.(增譯暗含詞語)
• 三個臭皮匠,合成一個諸葛亮。
Three cobblers with their wits combined equal Zhuge Liang the mastermind. (增譯注釋性詞語)
省譯法
• 與增譯法相對應的一種翻譯方法,即刪去不符合目標語思維習慣、語言習慣和表達方式的詞,以避免譯文累贅。增譯法的例句反之即可。
• You will be staying in this hotel during your visit in Beijing.
你在北京訪問期間就住在這家飯店。 (省譯物主代詞)
• I hope you will enjoy your stay here. 希望您在這兒過得愉快。 (省譯物主代詞)
• 中國政府歷來重視環境保護工作。 The Chinese government has always
attached great importance to environmental protection. (省譯名詞)
All the students should develop morally, intellectually and physically. (名詞轉副詞)