評論
打印
蒙太奇，montage的音譯，原為建筑學術語，意為構成、裝配。
蒙太奇是電影創作的主要敘述手段和表現手段之一，即將一系列在不同地點，從不同距離和角度，以不同方法拍攝的鏡頭排列組合(即剪輯)起來，敘述情節，刻畫人物。憑借蒙太奇的作用，電影享有了時空上的極大自由，甚至可以構成與實際生活中的時間空間并不一致的電影時間和電影空間。
了解了鏡像蒙太奇，您可能了解了現代電影的拍攝方式，懂得了現代電影刻畫人物的方法。我們在哲學上學過，萬事萬物都是在矛盾中運行，矛盾有它的特殊性，也有它的普遍性，我們把鏡像蒙太奇這一特殊性運用到新概念文章的學習中也是未嘗不可。這一方法將幫助我們從根本上了解新概念文章的構成，從而達到掌握新概念文章的內在規律的學習效果，進而在考試中破譯閱讀理解的難點!
新概念的文章基本遵循線性結構，即：第一段話為文章的主題段，第二段或者第三段為細節描述段，或者是過程展開段。這樣段落的構成經常為一副副畫面的展開，每一幅畫面為一句話，經過鏡像蒙太奇的方式把畫面進行排列組合，從而達到敘述情節的目的。
下面以第一課為例：
A Puma at large (逃遁的美洲獅)
Pumas are large, cat-like animals which are found in America. When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London, they were not taken seriously. However, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts from the Zoo felt obliged to investigate, for the descriptions given by people who claimed to have seen the puma were extraordinarily similar.
在這一段中作者其實告訴我們的是一件事情從不為人知到引起人們的注意，再到引起社會關注的一個過程，重點句式是“experts from the Zoo felt obliged to investigate”專家開始關注。
那么第二段話講的就應該是整個“investigation”過程，而要達到描述調查過程的目的，用到的就是“鏡像蒙太奇”這樣一種敘述方式，我們來分句看看。
第一副畫面是一個老婦人：“The hunt for the puma began in a small village where a woman picking blackberries saw 'a large cat' only five yards away from her.”
第二幅畫面是美洲獅的反應以及專家的現身說法：“It immediately ran away when she saw it, and experts confirmed that a puma will not attack a human being unless it is cornered.”
第三幅畫面是美洲獅的飄忽不定：“The search proved difficult, for the puma was often observed at one place in the morning and at another place twenty miles away in the evening.”
第四幅畫面是美洲獅對當地帶來的影響以及用事實進行的證明：“Wherever it went, it left behind it a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits. Paw prints were seen in a number of places and puma fur was found clinging to bushes.”
第五幅畫面是見到美洲獅的人的描述：“Several people complained of "cat-like noises' at night and a businessman on a fishing trip saw the puma up a tree.”
第六幅畫面是專家得出的結論：“The experts were now fully convinced that the animal was a puma, but where had it come from? As no pumas had been reported missing from any zoo in the country, this one must have been in the possession of a private collector and somehow managed to escape.”
第七幅畫面是搜捕工作的艱難：“The hunt went on for several weeks, but the puma was not caught. It is disturbing to think that a dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside.”
這樣七幅畫面通過鏡像蒙太奇法排列組合在一起描述了“investigation”過程和細節。在閱讀類似的文章的時候，我們要做的事情其實就很簡單了，看懂主題段，略讀細節段(勾劃出每句的主語即可)，這樣可以幫助我們在最短的時間內破譯考試中的閱讀理解部分!
