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Almost 80 years after the Holocaust, about 245,000 Jewish survivors are still living across more than 90 countries.
在大屠殺發(fā)生近80年后，大約24.5萬名猶太幸存者仍然生活在90多個國家。
A new report found that 49 percent of them are living in Israel.
一份新的報告發(fā)現(xiàn)，其中49%的猶太幸存者生活在以色列。
Eighteen percent live in Western Europe, 16 percent in the United States, and 12 percent in countries of the former Soviet Union.
18%的猶太幸存者生活在西歐，16%生活在美國，12%生活在前蘇聯(lián)國家。
The Conference on Jewish Material Claims Against Germany, also called the Claims Conference, which is based in New York City, carried out the study.
總部設在紐約市的“猶太人索賠大會”進行了這項調(diào)查。
Before the publication of the report, there were only general estimates about how many Holocaust survivors are still alive.
在這份報告發(fā)表之前，有關仍然活著的大屠殺幸存者人數(shù)只有大致的估計。
Their numbers are quickly falling.
大屠殺幸存者人數(shù)正在迅速下降。
Most are very old and often in poor health, with a median age of 86.
其中大多數(shù)人年齡很大，往往健康狀況不佳，他們的中位數(shù)年齡為86歲。
Twenty percent of survivors are older than 90, with more women (61 percent) than men (39 percent) still alive.
20%的幸存者年齡超過90歲，仍然健在的女性（61%）多于男性（39%）。
The report is called "Holocaust Survivors Worldwide. A Demographic Overview."
這份報告名為《全球大屠殺幸存者：人口統(tǒng)計概述》。
It says 96 percent of survivors are "child survivors."
報告稱，96%的幸存者是“兒童幸存者”。
That means they were born after 1928.
也就是說他們是在1928年以后出生的。
Information in the report is based on numbers collected up until August 2023.
報告中的信息是基于截至2023年8月收集的數(shù)據(jù)。
"The numbers in this report are interesting, but it is also important to look past the numbers to see the individuals they represent," said Greg Schneider.
格雷格·施奈德說：“這份報告中的數(shù)字很有趣，但同樣重要的是，我們要透過這些數(shù)字，看到它們所代表的個人?！?/p>
He is the Claims Conference's executive vice president.
他是“猶太人索賠大會”的執(zhí)行副總裁。
Six million European Jews and people from other minorities were killed by the Nazis and their supporters during the Holocaust.
在大屠殺期間，600萬歐洲猶太人和其他少數(shù)民族被納粹及其支持者殺害。
It is not clear exactly how many Jews survived the Holocaust.
目前尚不清楚到底有多少猶太人在大屠殺中幸存下來。
But their numbers were far smaller than the Jewish population in Europe before World War II.
但他們的人數(shù)遠遠少于二戰(zhàn)前歐洲的猶太人人口數(shù)量。
3.3 million Jews lived in Poland in 1939.
1939年，有330萬猶太人居住在波蘭。
Only about 300,000 survived.
只有大約30萬人幸存下來。
About 560,000 Jews lived in Germany in 1933, the year Adolf Hitler came to power.
1933年，阿道夫·希特勒上臺，當時大約有56萬猶太人生活在德國。
At the end of World War II in 1945, their numbers had fallen to about 15,000 — through emigration and murder.
在1945年第二次世界大戰(zhàn)結(jié)束時，由于移民和謀殺，猶太人的人數(shù)下降到了大約1.5萬人。
Germany's Jewish community grew after 1990.
德國的猶太社區(qū)在1990年后發(fā)展壯大。
More than 215,000 Jewish migrants and their families moved to Germany from countries of the former Soviet Union.
超過21.5萬名猶太移民及其家人從前蘇聯(lián)國家移居德國。
Some of them were also survivors.
其中一些人也是幸存者。
The report said that 14,200 survivors still live in Germany.
報告稱，仍有1.42萬名幸存者生活在德國。
One of them is Ruth Winkelmann.
露絲·溫克爾曼就是其中之一。
She survived by hiding with her mother and sister in a garden shed in northern Berlin.
她與母親和妹妹躲在柏林北部的一個花園棚子里，幸免于難。
Her father was killed in the Auschwitz death camp.
她的父親在奧斯維辛集中營被殺。
Her younger sister Esther died of illness, hunger, and exhaustion in March 1945, just weeks before the Soviet Red Army entered Berlin.
1945年3月，就在蘇聯(lián)紅軍進入柏林的幾周前，她的妹妹埃絲特死于疾病、饑餓和疲憊。
Winkelmann is 95 and still lives in Berlin.
溫克爾曼現(xiàn)年95歲，仍住在柏林。
She said there has not been a day in her life when she did not remember her father.
她說，她一生中每一天都在懷念她的父親。
For its new report, the Claims Conference said it defined Holocaust survivors "based on agreements with the German government in assessing eligibility for compensation programs."
“猶太人索賠大會”在其新報告中表示，它對大屠殺幸存者的定義“基于與德國政府在評估賠償計劃資格時達成的協(xié)議?！?/p>
For Germany, that definition includes all Jews who lived in the country from January 30, 1933, when Hitler came to power, to May 1945.
對于德國來說，這一定義包括1933年1月30日希特勒上臺至1945年5月期間居住在德國的所有猶太人。
That is when Germany surrendered in World War II.
這是德國在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)中投降的時間。
The group deals with claims for Jews who suffered under the Nazis and negotiates compensation with Germany's finance ministry every year.
該組織負責處理在納粹統(tǒng)治下遭受苦難的猶太人的索賠問題，并每年與德國財政部協(xié)商賠償事宜。
Since 1952, the German government has paid more than $90 billion to individuals for suffering and losses resulting from the Nazis.
自1952年以來，德國政府已經(jīng)向個人支付了超過900億美元，以彌補納粹造成的苦難和損失。
The Claims Conference has also launched several educational projects to pass on survivors' stories to younger generations.
“猶太人索賠大會”還啟動了一些教育項目，將幸存者的故事傳遞給年輕一代。
Gideon Taylor is president of the Claims Conference.
吉迪恩·泰勒是“猶太人索賠大會”的主席。
He said the data the group gathered "not only tells us how many and where survivors are, it clearly indicates that most survivors are at a period of life where their need for care and services is growing."
他說，該組織收集的數(shù)據(jù)“不僅告訴我們幸存者的人數(shù)和居住地，還清楚地表明，大多數(shù)幸存者正處于對護理和服務的需求不斷增長的階段?！?/p>
"Now is the time to double down on our attention on this waning population. Now is when they need us the most."
“現(xiàn)在是時候加倍關注這一日益減少的人口了。現(xiàn)在是他們最需要我們的時候?！?/p>
I'm Dan Novak.
丹·諾瓦克為您播報。
譯文為可可英語翻譯，未經(jīng)授權(quán)請勿轉(zhuǎn)載！
