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France spends less of its national income on health care than America, but is by most measures a lot healthier.
法國的醫療保健支出占國民收入的比例低于美國，但從大多數指標來看，其國民健康水平卻高出許多。
Its total health expenditure, at 12.1% of GDP, is well below the 16.6% in America. Yet the French live on average six years longer than Americans.
其醫療總支出占GDP的12.1%，遠低于美國的16.6%。然而，法國人的平均壽命卻比美國人長六年。
France's mortality rate from heart attacks is a third of America's, its obesity rate is about a third as high, and its rate of opioid-linked deaths a tiny fraction.
法國的心臟病死亡率是美國的三分之一，肥胖率約為美國的三分之一，而阿片類藥物相關死亡率則僅為美國的一小部分。
France outperforms its European peers on many measures too. It has a lower mortality rate from breast cancer than Britain and Germany.
法國在許多指標上也優于其他歐洲國家。其乳腺癌死亡率低于英國和德國。
Life expectancy at the age of 65 is higher than in any other eu country bar Spain, which it equals.
法國65歲人群的預期壽命高于除西班牙以外的其他歐盟國家，西班牙與法國持平。
France also has the best survival rate following a heart attack of any OECD country after Japan and South Korea, tied with the Netherlands. How does France do it?
在經合組織國家中，法國的心臟病發作后存活率最高，僅次于日本和韓國，與荷蘭并列。法國是如何做到的呢？
Part of the explanation is cultural habits. Indeed lifestyle, suggests Gaetan Lafortune, an OECD health economist, is more important in explaining France's long life expectancy than its big government health budgets.
部分原因在于文化習慣。事實上，經合組織衛生經濟學家蓋坦·拉福圖內(Gaetan Lafortune)認為，在解釋法國的長壽現象時，生活方式比龐大的政府醫療預算更為重要。
In French state schools even tiny children sit down to a three-course meal.
在法國公立學校，即使是小孩子也能享用三道菜。
A recent menu in primary schools in Seine-Saint-Denis, a run-down suburb of Paris, includes vegetable soup, cod fillet with peas, and fresh fruit; chips are served only once during a month.
最近，巴黎郊區塞納-圣但尼地區的小學菜單包括蔬菜湯、豌豆鱈魚片和新鮮水果；薯條每月只供應一次。
In America up to 17% of the population lives in "food deserts", with limited or no access to fresh produce.
在美國，高達17%的人口生活在“食品荒漠”，難以獲取或完全無法獲取新鮮農產品。
A researcher in France in 2021 found that the concept did not really exist. Comprehensive state-mandated health coverage is another factor.
2021年，法國的一位研究人員發現，這一概念實際上并不存在。國家強制推行的全面醫療保險是另一個因素。
The French system is a mix of national public health insurance, which reimburses patients for on average 70% of medical bills, and private mutual health insurance, which covers most of the balance.
法國的醫療體系結合了國家公共醫療保險和私人互助保險，前者平均報銷70%的醫療費用，后者則承擔大部分剩余費用。
Employers have to provide this top-up insurance to their employees. The self-employed and pensioners buy their own policies.
雇主必須為其員工提供這種補充保險。自雇人士和退休人員自行購買保險。
They cost on average 1,540 euros ($1,745) a year for a family, far less than the figure of $25,570 in America. The state covers those on low incomes.
平均每個家庭每年的保險費用為1540歐元（1745美元），遠低于美國的25570美元。低收入人群保險費用由國家承擔。
Medical costs, meanwhile, are controlled through government caps on the fees charged by most family doctors, who are self-employed, as well as on the contracted private hospitals that provide 35% of hospital care.
與此同時，政府對多數個體執業家庭醫生的收費設定了上限，同時也對承擔了35%醫院服務的簽約私立醫院實施了費用限制，從而管控醫療成本。
The share of health-care bills that families have to pay from their own pockets amounts to an average of just 2% of household spending in France.
在法國，家庭自付的醫療費用平均僅占家庭支出的2%。
This is lower than in Britain (2.5%) despite its free-to-use National Health Service. The hybrid French state system also helps patients get thorough treatment.
這低于英國的2.5%，盡管英國有免費的國家醫療服務體系。法國的混合型國家醫療體系也有助于患者獲得全面治療。
France conducts twice as many CT, PET or MRI scans per person, for instance, as Britain. Appointments are not rationed by top-down bureaucracy.
例如，法國人均CT、PET或MRI掃描次數是英國的兩倍。預約次數不受自上而下的官僚機構的限制。
Thanks to a tech start-up called Doctolib, which 50m French patients use each year, appointments for most gps, specialists and labs can be booked online with a few clicks.
得益于一家名為Doctolib的科技初創公司，大多數全科醫生、專科醫生和實驗室的預約只需點擊幾下即可在線完成。每年有5000萬法國患者使用Doctolib。
The trouble with all this is that it comes at a cost. Total health spending in France, at 266 billion euros, is higher as a share of GDP (12.1%) than in any other OECD country apart from America and Germany.
問題在于，所有這一切都是有代價的。法國的醫療總支出為2660億歐元，占GDP的12.1%，在經合組織國家中僅次于美國和德國。
Even when pandemic-linked spending is stripped out, French public health expenditure outpaced inflation from 2019 to 2025.
即使剔除與疫情相關的支出，2019年至2025年期間法國的公共衛生支出增速仍超過通貨膨脹。
