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Online privacy gets a boost in Europe—with potential benefits for users everywhere
歐洲的在線隱私問題有所好轉(zhuǎn)——或?qū)⒃旄Ｊ澜绺鞯厝嗣?/div>
By Alix Langone
文/艾利克斯·蘭貢
IT’S NOT JUST YOU.
不止是你，
OVER THE PAST several weeks, many people have been bombarded with emails about data privacy from major corporations such as Twitter and Facebook.
過去幾周里，許多人都遭到了推特和Facebook等大公司發(fā)來的有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)隱私的電子郵件的狂轟濫炸。
There’s a reason all these businesses are updating their privacy policies—
各大企業(yè)紛紛升級(jí)他們的隱私政策不是沒有理由——
and, though you may be tempted to trash those emails, they carry news of real change.
或許，你很想把那些郵件都丟到垃圾桶里，但它們傳遞的消息是實(shí)實(shí)在在的改變。
The companies sending them have until May 25 to comply with a new privacy law enacted by the European Union, known as the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR).
發(fā)送這些郵件的公司必須在5月25日前加入遵守歐盟頒布的新隱私法，即《一般數(shù)據(jù)保護(hù)條例》(簡稱GDPR)的陣營。
DATA RIGHTS
數(shù)據(jù)的權(quán)利
The E.U. guidelines limit how companies can use and process the personal data of consumers,
歐盟的這一方針限定了企業(yè)使用和處理用戶個(gè)人數(shù)據(jù)的限度，
giving ordinary people more control over their own information.
以便普通人能夠更好地掌控自己的信息。
Under the GDPR, corporations need to explicitly ask if they can collect your data,
根據(jù)GDPR的規(guī)定，企業(yè)需要明確詢問他們是否能收集用戶的數(shù)據(jù)，
they’re required to answer if you inquire what that data is used for, and they must give you the right to permanently delete that information.
如果用戶詢問這些數(shù)據(jù)的用途，企業(yè)將有義務(wù)作出回答，此外，企業(yè)必須賦予用戶永久性刪除自己的個(gè)人信息的權(quán)利。
Companies will also be required to disclose now ubiquitous data breaches within 72 hours.
該方針還規(guī)定，如今已經(jīng)無處不在的數(shù)據(jù)泄露事件發(fā)生后，企業(yè)必須在72小時(shí)之內(nèi)公開數(shù)據(jù)泄露的消息。
REMEMBER THIS
記住
Even if a company chooses to change its policy for all users, only those covered by the GDPR—so, those in the E.U.—will have legal recourse.
即便一個(gè)企業(yè)選擇改變針對(duì)用戶的普遍政策，也只有被GDPR方針覆蓋的用戶——也即歐盟的用戶——才有追索（賠償）權(quán)。
But experts say it’s still an important reminder for everyone to think about these issues.
但專家表示，這一舉措還是很好地提醒了大家去思考這些問題。
Many people don’t realize just how much businesses rely on data to make determinations about customers.
很多人都沒有意識(shí)到企業(yè)在針對(duì)用戶做一些決策時(shí)對(duì)這些數(shù)據(jù)的依賴有多嚴(yán)重。
“Your data is being used for significant decisions that are made about you,” says Chris Meserole, a fellow at the Brookings Institution.
布魯金斯學(xué)會(huì)研究員克里斯·梅塞洛爾表示：“重大的用戶決策都離不開用戶的個(gè)人數(shù)據(jù)。”
“If you are applying for a credit score, a loan, any number of things, an algorithm can just decide that you’re not qualified.”
“如果你在申請(qǐng)信用評(píng)分、貸款或其他任何東西，一個(gè)算法就能判定你合不合格。”
NEXT STEPS
下一步
As of now, there are no laws in the pipeline to enact similar changes in the U.S.,
就目前來看，美國還沒有準(zhǔn)備制定相關(guān)法律實(shí)行類似的改革，
so Americans will have to be satisfied with these second-hand benefits.
美國民眾只能將就與其他人共享這些二手福利了。
But the GDPR is already leading some corporations to make changes globally to simplify implementation.
但GDPR已經(jīng)在引領(lǐng)一些企業(yè)實(shí)施國際性改革，簡化落實(shí)流程了。
If it affects users’ attitudes toward privacy the way some experts predict, such changes seem likely to spread.
如果他們的舉措能夠像一些專家預(yù)期的那樣改變用戶對(duì)隱私的態(tài)度，這些變化也還是有可能傳播開的。
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