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A lot of research in this area... showing how learning to interpret events subjectively as optimists leads to much higher success.
很多有關這方面的研究……表明學習主觀地像樂觀主義者，解釋事件可以獲得更高層次的成功
Some of you may recognize Matt Biondi. 1988 Seoul Olympics.
你們中的而有些人可能知道馬特·比昂迪。1988年漢城奧運會
Many people thought that he could equal Mark Spitz records of seven gold medals.
許多人都認為他能追平馬克-施皮茨7塊金牌的記錄
First race, silver medal. Huge disappointment.
第一場比賽，銀牌，巨大的失望
Second race, bronze medal. Huge disappointment. Everyone I remembered that very distinctly. People talking about
第二場比賽，銅牌，巨大的失望。大家，我記得很清楚。人們談論著
how he falls under pressure, how he is not the person we thought he is.
他如何受到壓力的影響，他不是我們所期望的那個人
Martin Seligman at that point said "no, he's going to succeed".
馬克-施皮茨在那時說"不，他將會成功"
Why? Because he measured him and many other athletes on their levels of optimism and pessimism.
為什么？因為他衡量過他和許多其他運動員在樂觀與悲觀方面的水平
And Matt Biondi was a constant optimist.
馬特·比昂迪一直是個樂觀主義者
And he knew he would interpret these "failures", I mean, you know bronze and silver medals in the Olympics, failures, right?
他知道他會將這些"失敗"理解為，我指的是奧運會上的銀牌和銅牌，算是失敗，對吧?
But these relative for him expected to win seven golds, failures, he would interpret them not as permanent.
這些相對于他期望贏得7塊金牌來說，是失敗，但他不會把它們視為永久性的失敗
"I choke. I can't make it in the Olympics" as pervasive "I can't swim well anymore and win"
把“我發揮失常，我不能在奧運會上實現目標”視為"我再也不能游好泳和贏比賽了"
to temporary and specific, which he did exactly that and won the next five gold medals.
而只是視為暫時的和特定的失敗，他也正是那么做的，并贏下了接下來的5塊金牌
