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And since communism was a universal religion,
既然共產(chǎn)主義已經(jīng)成了普遍的宗教，
Marx, Lenin and Stalin were billed not only as the greatest people of modern times but in fact of all human history.
馬克思，列寧和斯大林不僅僅被宣傳成為當(dāng)代，還成了人類歷史上最偉大的人
Four. Nationalism and the Bolsheviks.
四，民族主義和布爾什維克
One of the rare instances of Lenin's sincere good will was his view on the question of nationalities.
列寧身上罕見的善意的一面是他在民族問題上的看法
To Lenin it was hypocritical for Russian communists to insist that national minorities
很多俄國共產(chǎn)黨堅持將烏克蘭人，波蘭人，格魯吉亞人，白俄羅斯人等少數(shù)民族
like Ukrainians, Poles, Georgians, Belarusians, for example, remain part of a Russian communist nation.
視為俄羅斯共產(chǎn)主義民族的一部分，對列寧來說，這是相當(dāng)偽善的行為
Thus, Lenin supported national independence for all of Russia's national minorities
因此，列寧支持俄羅斯各族人民的民族獨立
which put him at odds with his commissar for nationalities, Joseph Stalin.
這讓他同他的民族委員長，約瑟夫·斯大林產(chǎn)生了分歧
Lenin's argument was that Marx's world revolution would be happening any day now
列寧的主張是，馬克思的世界革命可能在任一天發(fā)生
and the new communist governments would cheerfully give way to Russia's communist government until the communist paradise arrived.
新生的各國共產(chǎn)主義政府在共產(chǎn)主義天堂到來的時候，將十分樂意將權(quán)力交給俄羅斯共產(chǎn)主義政府
That is that everybody would want to follow Lenin's orders too.
也就是說，那時候人人也都會愿意聽從列寧的命令
Eventually the Soviet Union was established on precisely that principle: a grouping of republics with Russia as the first among equals.
最終蘇聯(lián)成立了正是基于這一原則：共和國眾生平等，只有俄羅斯高高在上
Yet the escape clause Lenin insisted on including,
而列寧堅持的例外條款
allowing unhappy republics to secede from the Soviet Union would in fact lead to the end of the Soviet Union in 1991.
包括若不愿繼續(xù)加入，共和國可以退出蘇聯(lián)，這實際上也導(dǎo)致了蘇聯(lián)1991年的解體
