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Segment 21a. "Introduction".
第21段第一部分 "簡介"
It's instructive to compare the United States' birth in 1776 with the 1917 birth of the Soviet Union.
將1776年的美國建國同1917年的蘇聯建國進行比對引人思考
Like the founding fathers of the US, Vladimir Ilyich Lenin and the Bolsheviks wanted to create an entirely new form of government
同美國的開國元勛一樣，弗拉基米爾·伊里奇·列寧和布爾什維克黨希望
based on lofty ideals such as equality, personal liberty and the rule of law.
能在平等個人自由和法治等崇高理念的基礎上創立一個全新的政府形式
Like the infant US the new Soviet Union was forced to fight very hard for its very existence and it came close to losing more than once.
同剛剛建國的美國一樣，新生的蘇聯被迫為它的存活艱苦斗爭，不止一次地，它瀕臨失敗邊緣
But that is where the similarities end.
不過相同點就到此為止了
As we will discover is segment 21b, "Democracy Fails",
我們接下來會討論21段第二部分：“民主失敗”
The promise of Russia's February revolution was destroyed by the Russian lack of any democratic tradition.
俄國二月革命的承諾毀于俄國缺乏民主傳統
The Tsarist government was succeeded by two bodies which competed for power,
沙皇政府的繼任者是兩個互相爭奪權力的機構
the provisional government which had sprung out of the Duma and the Petrograd Soviet which represented the workers and the soldiers of Russia.
由杜馬產生的臨時政府和彼得格勒蘇維埃，它代表著俄羅斯的工人和士兵
The various non-Russian nationalities such as Ukrainians, the Balts, Georgians, Finland, Finnish and Poles, wanted out of the Russian empire for good.
各種各樣的非俄羅斯民族如烏克蘭人，波羅的海沿岸各民族，格魯吉亞人，芬蘭和波蘭人，都想要永遠離開俄羅斯帝國
The great majority of the Russian empire's peoples wanted merely to eat and to have a warm place to live.
俄國帝國的大多數民族想要的僅僅是食物和溫暖的居身之所
