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And he gave the serfs their freedom in 1861, the year the American Civil War began.
他在1861年給了農奴們自由，這一年美國開始了內戰
Yet the freedom was mainly in name only.
然而這種自由大部分是名義上的
And Alexander wound up alienating at one time or another all of Russia's classes
亞歷山大曾一度離間了俄國的所有階層
the land-owning nobles, the small but highly involved middle class, and the masses of the peasants.
包括擁有土地的貴族，人數不多但是非常活躍的中產階級，還有農民大眾
The legacy of the Decembrists hardened into neurotism and into outright terrorism and eventually cost Alexander the Second his life.
十二月黨人起義的結果，就是使亞歷山大變得神經質走向徹底的恐怖主義，而這最后也葬送了亞歷山大本人的性命
His son and successor Alexander the Third took Nicholas the First's conservative approach
他的兒子和繼承人亞歷山大三世，沿襲了尼古拉一世的保守主義路線
one step farther by attempting to impose order on Russia and the people's of the Russian Empire.
并且還通過向俄羅斯及其人民施加政令而更近一步
But with no real results.
但是沒有什么實際的效果
Alexander the Third's early death in 1894 brought his son Nicholas the Second to the throne with genuinely disastrous results.
亞歷山大三世1894年的早逝使他的兒子尼古拉二世登上了皇位并且帶來了真正的災難性的結果
Segment 20c: War and Revolution introduces us to Nicholas the Second, last of and one of the worst of the Tsars.
片段20c：戰爭和革命，讓我們認識了尼古拉二世，最后一位也是最糟糕的一位沙皇
Unsuited by training or inclination to rule as an autocrat, he tried his feeble best, unably assisted by his wife Alexandra.
自身的教育讓他并不適合成為一位獨裁者，他本人也并沒有這樣的意愿，但他還是在他的妻子亞歷山德拉的幫助下竭盡了自己綿薄的力量
