評論
打印
Suddenly, without any warning, Jackson appeared at Manassas Junction. McClellan was at once ordered to transport his army by water to the Potomac, and place it under the orders of General John Pope, commanding the forces in front of Washington. McClellan did as he was ordered. But Lee moved faster than he could move. Before the Army of the Potomac was thoroughly in Pope's grasp, Lee attacked the Union forces near Bull Run. He defeated them, drove them off the field and back into the forts defending Washington (August, 1862).
杰克森率兵潛行，突然出現在馬納薩斯，麥克里蘭立刻被命令將他的軍隊從水路轉移到波特馬克，服從華盛頓防衛軍司令約翰o蒲伯的領導。麥克里蘭服從了命令，但是李比他的行動還要快，在波特馬克軍全部到達蒲伯軍隊之前，李向布爾朗附近的聯邦軍隊發動攻擊，他打敗了聯邦軍隊，將他們從戰壕中趕回到防護華盛頓的那些堡壘中（1862年8月）。
394. The Antietam Campaign, 1862.
394．安提塔姆戰役（1862年）
Lee now crossed the Potomac into Maryland. But he found more resistance than he had looked for. McClellan was again given chief command. Gathering his forces firmly together, he kept between Lee and Washington, and threatened Lee's communications with Virginia. The Confederates drew back. McClellan found them strongly posted near the Antietam and attacked them. The Union soldiers fought splendidly. But military writers say that McClellan's attacks were not well planned. At all events, the Army of the Potomac lost more than twelve thousand men to less than ten thousand on the Confederate side, and Lee made good his retreat to Virginia. But McClellan was now removed from command, and Ambrose E. Burnside became chief of the Army of the Potomac.
此時李已經率兵穿過波特馬克來到馬里蘭，但他遇到想象不到的抵抗。麥克里蘭恢復了總司令指揮權，他將軍隊緊密地集結在一起，駐防在李的軍隊與華盛頓之間，并威脅李與弗吉尼亞的聯系。南方聯盟的軍隊撤退，麥克里蘭發現他們堅守在安提塔姆附近并向他們發動攻擊。聯邦士兵英勇奮戰，但是今天的軍事評論家認為麥克里蘭對戰斗的計劃有失妥當。在所有的戰斗結束后，波特馬克軍損失12000多人，而南方聯盟的軍隊損失不到10000人，并且李率兵成功撤退到弗吉尼亞。麥克里蘭被撤職，由安布羅斯·E·伯恩賽德擔任波特馬克軍的司令。
