While the young nobleman who had literally seen Paris and experienced French freedoms moved in the exact opposite direction.
這位見識過法國和巴黎自由生活的年輕貴族完全轉向了這種生活的對立面
The Decembrist Revolution which broke out between Alexander's death and the succession of his brother Nicolas the First was just one result.
在亞歷山大去世和他的繼任者,弟弟尼古拉斯一世繼位期間爆發的十二月黨人革命是這種轉變的結果之一
Conservative by nature, the circumstances of Nicolas the First's rising to power made him down right reactionary.
本質上就保守的尼古拉斯一世,在當時環境影響下一登上皇位就徹底地走向了反動
During Nicolas's reign, Russia became Europe's greatest power, hence the term Pax Russica, and its effective policeman, hence the term Gendarme of Europe.
在他統治期間,俄國成為了歐洲最強大的國家,因此就有了我們所說的俄國強權影響下的和平,還有高效的警察,也就是我們說的歐洲憲兵
In segment 19b: Catherine the Great, we try as best we can to hit the high points of her reign and establish how she earned the title "The Great".
在19b凱瑟琳大帝一節中,我們會盡力關注她統治的巔峰時期,以及她是如何贏得大帝這個稱號的
Unfairly disrespected as a dilettante and a nymphomaniac, she was neither of the above.
通常她被不公正地視為一個騙子和慕男狂,其實她哪個都不是

Catherine, in fact, completed Russia's turn to the West and secured its souther boundaries through a successful campaign against the Turks,
實際上,凱瑟琳完成了俄羅斯的西化,并且通過發動對土耳其的進攻而確保了南部的疆域
something that Peter never managed.
這是彼得大帝從沒有做到的
Nor was Catherine's diplomacy any less adroit.
凱瑟琳外交政策的靈活性也毫不遜色
In three successive partitions of Poland, Catherine managed to split up and ultimately remove from the map one of Russia's greatest old enemies.
通過對波蘭的連續三次分割,凱瑟琳成功地瓦解并從地圖上移走了俄羅斯的宿敵
While Catherine's reforms were more flashy than substantive,
盡管凱瑟琳的改革效果曇花一現,沒收到實質性的效果,
at least she set a good example for her successors through her intellectual curiosity and willingness to examine, if not fix, the problems facing Russia.
但至少她通過其求知欲和樂意接受檢驗的勇氣為后繼者樹立了榜樣,即使她并沒有解決俄國面臨的問題