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In segment 19c: Alexander and Napoleon,
在片段19c里，亞歷山大和拿破侖
we encounter the reigns of Catherine's despised son Paul the First and her beloved grandson Alexander the First.
我們會接觸到被凱瑟琳厭棄的兒子保羅一世和她鐘愛的孫子亞歷山大一世的統治，
Partly out of hatred for his mother and partly out of his own contrary character,
部分出于對母親的厭惡，部分出于自身執拗的個性
Paul tried to undo just about every meaningful change his mother had made.
保羅試著廢除母親做出的所有有意義的改變
Faced with the reality of rule by an unenlightened despot, the nobles killed Paul and raised Alexander to the throne.
面臨著一個未受開化的暴君的統治，貴族們殺了保羅把亞歷山大推向了皇位
At first, Alexander ruled in the liberal tradition that Catherine had hoped for.
起初，亞歷山大按照凱瑟琳希望的自由主義傳統統治
He granted some serfs their freedom, and he allowed Finland and Poland a great deal of autonomy, once he conquered them.
他給予了一些農奴自由，在征服了芬蘭和波蘭后，給了它們相當大的自治權
However, Alexander's experiences with Napoleon
然而，亞歷山大同拿破侖打交道的經歷，
and the pressures placed on him by young nobles who had experienced Western European life made him conservative at first and then downright repressive.
以及體驗過西歐生活的年輕貴族給他的壓力，讓他走向了保守主義并變得非常反動
Segment 19d: The Gendarme of Europe will show us the way towards understanding Nicolas the First, 1825-1855, third son of Tsar Paul.
片段19d：歐洲憲兵將會使我們更好的理解1825到1855統治的尼古拉斯一世，保羅的第三個兒子
Nicolas would have been just as happy to remain an officer in the Russian Army.
尼古拉斯即便是在俄國軍隊里當一名軍官也會非常高興的
And he approached the role of Russia accordingly.
相應地，他也使得俄羅斯變成了這樣的角色
