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2 Class relations.
二，階級關系
Even though the armed peasantry had played a great role in saving Russia from the Time of Troubles,
盡管武裝的農民在混亂時代扮演了重要角色
they had nothing left to show for it.
但是他們卻無法獲得榮譽
Tsar Alexei Ulogenie of 1648 formally bound the peasants to the land and to the landowners once and for all.
1648年，阿列克謝沙皇正式將農奴與土地捆綁，并把他們永遠地賣給了地主
Stenka Razin's revolt of 1670 was the first but not the last of peasant uprisings
斯坦卡·瑞金1670年的起義是第一次但絕不是最后一次農民起義
which extended for the rest of the Romanov dynasty's time.
農民起義貫穿了整個羅曼諾夫王朝
While the nobility contributed little if anything to Russia's economy,
貴族對俄國的經濟少有貢獻
they were now forced to serve in the military or in the civilian administration.
但是他們當時被迫到軍隊或是人民政府去工作
As a rule, the best and brightest among the nobles preferred the cavalry to the peasantry.
通常最精明的貴族比起農奴會更喜歡騎兵隊
Even so, this disaffected bunch of nobles was the only force for order and justice in rural Russia.
即使如此，這些不忠的貴族是維護俄國農村秩序與公平的唯一力量
Autocratic as Peter remained, it was harder for Peter to preserve autocracy and centralized as the Russian Empire grew larger and larger.
雖然彼得大帝喜好獨裁，但是隨著俄羅斯帝國不斷擴張，要保持中央集權和獨裁越來越難
