評論
打印
But it's not unusual for religions to adapt themselves to their believers customs.
但是宗教回歸傳統這一做法卻并不罕見
In 1653, Nikon decided to restore all authentic Greek Orthodox practices.
1653年，尼康決定要恢復所有真正的希臘正教傳統
From that point on, for instance, the sign of the cross was to made with not two fingers,
從那時開始，比如說，十字架標志不允許用兩只手指擺出
but with three fingers as in other orthodox countries.
而是要像其他正教國家一樣用三根手指
The name of the Savior was no longer to be spelled ISUS but as IISUS and so on.
救主的名字不再拼寫為ISUS，而是IISUS等等
Most Russian Orthodox believers resented these changes.
大多數俄羅斯正教信仰者非常反感這些變化
Why should the third Rome go back to Byzantine traditions?
為什么第三個羅馬帝國非得學習拜占庭帝國的傳統呢
Many fought the reforms bitterly, sometimes even to the death.
很多人奮力反抗這次改革，有人甚至為之犧牲
Even after Nikon fell from grace in 1658, the church council maintained that the changes were necessary.
即使在1658年尼康下臺之后，教會委員會仍然堅持這些改變是有必要的
In 1667, those who believed in the old customs were formally excommunicated from the Russian Orthodox Church and forbidden to have priests.
1667年，那些信仰老傳統的人被正式逐出俄羅斯東正教會，并且剝奪他們擁有牧師的權利
Many such old believers fled or were exiled to other countries,
許多人逃跑了，還有一些被放逐到別的國家
some even hold themselves up in their homes or churches and burn themselves to death.
有些人甚至把自己關在家里，或是教堂里，然后自焚而死
Russia, though, was merely on the verge of far more radical change.
但是俄羅斯帝國正面臨著更加劇烈的變革
Segment 18c: Peter the Great.
章節18c：彼得大帝
Tsar Alexei died in 1676, seceded by his eldest surviving son Fyodor the Third.
阿列克謝于1676年去世，他的長子費多爾三世繼位
