評論
打印
Okay, so what this tells us is that, contrary to the old adage, "monkey see, monkey do,"
這與我們所知的，“有樣學樣”（猴子見什么學什么）的諺語完全相反
the surprise really is that all of the other animals really cannot do that -- at least not very much.
令人驚訝的事實是，其他的所有動物都無法做到有樣學樣，至少做到很少
And even this picture has the suspicious taint of being rigged about it -- something from a Barnum And Bailey circus.
甚至這張圖片，雖然它有人為操縱之嫌--“不會是來自巴納姆貝利馬戲團吧”
But by comparison, we can learn.
但是相比之下，我們有學習能力
We can learn by watching other people and copying or imitating what they can do.
我們可以通過觀察別人，以及照搬或模仿別人所做的來學習
We can then choose, from among a range of options, the best one.
然后我們可以在一系列選擇中挑選最好的選擇
We can benefit from others' ideas. We can build on their wisdom.
我們可以汲取別人的想法。可以發展他人的智慧
And as a result, our ideas do accumulate, and our technology progresses.
所以我們的智慧可以累積，技術得以進步
And this cumulative cultural adaptation, as anthropologists call
這種人類學家所稱累積性的文化適應
this accumulation of ideas, is responsible for everything around you in your bustling and teeming everyday lives.
這種想法的積累是你周圍所有一切的根源，并存在于你繁忙和與人合作的日常生活中
I mean the world has changed out of all proportion to what we would recognize even 1,000 or 2,000 years ago.
這個世界跟一千或者兩千年前相比，已經發生了翻天覆地的變化
And all of this because of cumulative cultural adaptation.
這一切都歸因于累積性文化適應
The chairs you're sitting in, the lights in this auditorium,
你們坐著的椅子，禮堂里的燈
my microphone, the iPads and iPods that you carry around with you --
我的手機，你們攜帶的iPad和iPod
all are a result of cumulative cultural adaptation.
這些都是累積性文化適應的結果
Now to many commentators, cumulative cultural adaptation, or social learning, is job done, end of story.
對許多評論者來說，累積性文化適應，或者說社會學習，已經大功告成。
