評論
打印
Then even more maybe compelling I think, was Philip Zimbardo's research which he tried also in the 60's and 70's called
我認為 更令人信服的是 菲利普.津巴多的研究 他也在60年代和70年代進行了
The Stanford Experiment where he divided normal college students up arbitrarily intoeither prisoners or guards er, in a totally contrived situation.
斯坦福實驗 他在完全人為的環境下隨機分為 把正常的大學生 分為犯人和看守員
What he found within a matter of days, was sadism and victimisation running amuck, he had to interrupt the experiment.
幾天之后他發現 施虐和暴行橫行 他不得不中斷實驗
He couldn't let it run a week because the college students that were playing the guards became as Lord Acton said,
無法讓實驗持續一周 扮演看守人員的大學生 成為了艾克頓公爵所說的
um Absolute power corrupts absolutely.
絕對的權力導致絕對的腐敗
They were into torture, they were er into abuse and victims were being broken by it on both sides, he couldn't in good ethics continue it.
他們喜歡酷刑 喜愛施虐 受害者兩面受襲 正在精神崩潰 他高尚的道德觀讓他無法繼續
He's written several books on this since then. So those are some of the antecedents er, that lead to this.
從那之后 他寫了幾本關于這方面的著作 這些都是今天的演講 以前的研究文獻
On the other side, psychology and other mental health professions have responded to try to address the affects of torture
另一個方面 心理學和其他心理 健康從業者也作出積極回應 付出努力解決折磨酷刑的后果和影響
I briefly would like to review some of that.
我要對此進行簡要的回顧
That it began um, after World War 2 er with the UN declaration for human rights
它開始于二戰之后
and the covenant looking at what happened in er, the Holocaust and also er, veterans who had been um, er traumatised.
這一契約關注 大屠殺事件 還有受到精神創傷的老兵
