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You see, like all networks, mycorrhizal networks have nodes and links.
你們看，就像所有的網絡一樣，真菌的網絡中也有節點和鏈接。
We made this map by examining the short sequences of DNA of every tree and every fungal individual in a patch of Douglas fir forest.
我們在一片花旗松森林中的所有樹和所有真菌中，提取了它們的DNA短序列，并且制作了這份遺傳圖。
In this picture, the circles represent the Douglas fir, or the nodes,
在這張圖片上，圓圈，也就是那些節點代表花旗松，
and the lines represent the interlinking fungal highways, or the links.
直線，也就是那些鏈接代表著互相連接的真菌干線。
The biggest, darkest nodes are the busiest nodes.
那些最大的、顏色最深的節點就是最繁忙的、連接最多的節點。
We call those hub trees, or more fondly, mother trees,
我們把它們稱作中心樹，或者更親切地稱之為母樹。
because it turns out that those hub trees nurture their young, the ones growing in the understory.
因為事實證明，這些中心樹哺育著它們的小樹，那些小樹都處在林下葉層。
And if you can see those yellow dots,
如果你們看見那些黃色的點，
those are the young seedlings that have established within the network of the old mother trees.
那些就表示幼苗，這些幼苗在這個網絡中已經和它們的母樹建立了聯系。
In a single forest, a mother tree can be connected to hundreds of other trees.
在一片森林中，一棵母樹可以和其它幾百棵樹建立聯系。
And using our isotope tracers, we have found that mother trees
通過使用同位素示蹤劑進行檢測，我們發現那些母樹
will send their excess carbon through the mycorrhizal network to the understory seedlings,
會把它們多余的碳元素通過菌根的網絡傳給處在林下葉層的幼苗，
and we've associated this with increased seedling survival by four times.
我們發現這種方式可以讓幼苗的存活率增加四倍。
Now, we know we all favor our own children,
現在我們都知道，我們愛自己的孩子，
and I wondered, could Douglas fir recognize its own kin, like mama grizzly and her cub?
所以我想花旗松能認出來自己的孩子嗎？就像灰熊媽媽和她的熊寶寶一樣？
So we set about an experiment, and we grew mother trees with kin and stranger's seedlings.
因此我們又設計了一個實驗，我們把母樹和它們的孩子、以及一些陌生的幼苗種在一起。
And it turns out they do recognize their kin.
事實證明它們認識它們的孩子。
