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And I think the thing that's actually rare, are the success cases.
成功的例子實際上非常少
Most the, so it's actually unique when you really think about the history in this, in this 250 year sweep,
縱觀近250年的歷史，很多實際上
it's unusual, Y is almost always zero percent. It's always zero in science.
Y值幾乎都是0。科學上Y是0
It's almost always in technology, and so it's very rare where people made money.
技術上也好不到哪去，因此很少有人能賺錢
You know, the early, the late 18th, early 19th century,
在18世紀末19世紀初
the first industrial revolution was textile mills, steam engine, the sort of automated things.
第一次工業革命期間出現了諸如紡織廠，蒸汽機一類的自動化進步
And you had these relentless improvements, that people improved efficiency of textile factories, manufacturing generally.
通過這些持續的進步，人們提高了紡織廠和制造業的工作效率
At a clip of 5 to 7% every year. Year after year, decade after decade.
每年差不多有5%到7%的增長，持續了好幾十年
You had 60, 70 years of tremendous improvement from 1780 to 1850.
從1780年到1850年，發生了巨大的改變
But even in 1850, most of the wealth in Britain was still held by the landed aristocracy.
但即使在1850年，英國絕大多數的財富還是被土地貴族把持著
The workers didn't, you know, the workers didn't make that much, the capitalists didn't make that much either.
工人沒有掙到多少錢，資本家也是一樣
It was all competed away. There were hundreds of people running textiles factories.
錢都在競爭中流失了。當時有幾百人開紡織廠
It was an industry that just, the structure of the competition prevented people from making any money.
這個產業--由于競爭激烈，所以賺不到錢
