評(píng)論
打印
I'm going to speak today about the relationship between science and human values.
今日我要討論科學(xué)和人類(lèi)價(jià)值觀之間的關(guān)系
Now, it's generally understood that questions of morality -- questions of good and evil and right and wrong --
我們一般認(rèn)為有關(guān)道德問(wèn)題，善惡對(duì)錯(cuò)的概念
are questions about which science officially has no opinion.
是科學(xué)所不能解決和參與討論的
It's thought that science can help us get what we value,
人們認(rèn)為科學(xué)可以幫助我們得到我們所想要的
but it can never tell us what we ought to value.
卻永遠(yuǎn)無(wú)法告訴我們什么是重要的
And, consequently, most people -- I think most people probably here
于是大部分的人，甚至今日坐在這里的各位
think that science will never answer the most important questions in human life:
認(rèn)為科學(xué)永遠(yuǎn)無(wú)法回答人類(lèi)生命中的重要問(wèn)題
questions like, "What is worth living for?"
像是”我們?yōu)榱耸裁椿钪俊?/div>
"What is worth dying for?"
”我們應(yīng)該為什么犧牲？“
"What constitutes a good life?"
”什么樣的生活，是一個(gè)幸福的生活？“
So, I'm going to argue that this is an illusion that the separation between science and human values is an illusion
我想告訴大家，把科學(xué)和人類(lèi)價(jià)值觀做分隔是一種人為假象
and actually quite a dangerous one at this point in human history.
是一個(gè)非常危險(xiǎn)的假象，尤其是在我們的今日社會(huì)
Now, it's often said that science cannot give us a foundation for morality and human values,
人們常說(shuō)科學(xué)不能作為道德和價(jià)值觀的基礎(chǔ)
because science deals with facts, and facts and values seem to belong to different spheres.
因?yàn)榭茖W(xué)講求實(shí)證，而事實(shí)和價(jià)值似乎是兩種不同層次的事
It's often thought that there's no description of the way the world is that can tell us how the world ought to be.
人們認(rèn)為，就算把世界的模樣描繪出來(lái)，也不能帶我們走到烏托邦
But I think this is quite clearly untrue.
但我認(rèn)為這很明顯是錯(cuò)誤的
Values are a certain kind of fact.
價(jià)值自然是一種實(shí)證
They are facts about the well-being of conscious creatures.
是人類(lèi)如何可以獲得幸福生活的實(shí)證
Why is it that we don't have ethical obligations toward rocks? Why don't we feel compassion for rocks?
為什么我們對(duì)石頭沒(méi)有任何道德要求？為什么我們對(duì)石頭沒(méi)有仁愛(ài)之情？
It's because we don't think rocks can suffer. And if we're more
因?yàn)槲覀儾徽J(rèn)為石頭會(huì)受折磨
