評論
打印
And so therefore whatever cultural variation there is in how human beings flourish
于是不管有多少不同文化對人類的幸福有多少不同想法
can, at least in principle, be understood in the context of a maturing science of the mind -- neuroscience, psychology, etc.
都可以原則性地以成熟的鬧內科學作為理解的辦法，神經科學、心理學等等
So, what I'm arguing is that value's reduced to facts
我想說的是，價值觀可以以事實
to facts about the conscious experience of conscious beings.
有關人類感知體驗的事實作為準則
And we can therefore visualize a space of possible changes in the experience of these beings.
我們才有可能想象在某個情況下來改變這些人的體驗
And I think of this as kind of a moral landscape,
這就像一片道德風景
with peaks and valleys that correspond to differences in the well-being of conscious creatures, both personal and collective.
有不同的山巔和峽谷，像是人類對于幸福生活的不同感知，無論是個人或群體的
And one thing to notice is that perhaps there are states of human well-being
我們該注意的是，或許有個人類幸福的所在
that we rarely access, that few people access.
是我們從來沒有去過的，很少人能達到的體驗
And these await our discovery.
正在等待我們去發掘
Perhaps some of these states can be appropriately called mystical or spiritual.
或許這些體驗就是我們所說的神秘或靈性的體驗
Perhaps there are other states that we can't access
或許有些是我們根本無法體驗的
because of how our minds are structured but other minds possibly could access them.
因為我們的大腦有自己的回路，但其它人卻有可能可以到達
Now, let me be clear about what I'm not saying.
我必須澄清，我并不是說
I'm not saying that science is guaranteed to map this space,
科學可以完全地為我們畫出這份幸福地圖
or that we will have scientific answers to every conceivable moral question.
或是科學可以回答所有的道德爭議
I don't think, for instance, that you will one day consult a supercomputer to learn whether you should have a second child,
舉例來說，我并不認為某天我們會和電腦商量我們是不是該生第二胎
or whether we should bomb Iran's nuclear facilities,
或是我們是不是應該轟炸伊朗的核子設備
or whether you can deduct the full cost of TED as a business expense.
或是參加TED演講的經費是不是可以向公司報賬
