評論
打印
It has failed to take into account all the circumstance that have a bearing on whether its own general principle,
而沒有考慮與大原則相關(guān)的所有條件 這個原則就是
the protection of American lives and the American way of life,
保護(hù)美國人的生命
is being properly served by ignoring the political and historical consequences of the application of indiscriminate and coercive interrogation.
維護(hù)美國人的生活方式為了維護(hù)這個原則 忽視了應(yīng)用不加區(qū)別的強(qiáng)行逼供的政治和歷史后果
And it has overstated the certitude of its conclusions about torture torture's effectiveness in a few cases
它對虐囚和所導(dǎo)致的后果 得出的結(jié)論進(jìn)行了過于自信的估計(jì)
in order to justify the permission of coercive interrogation as the routing practice.
為了使虐囚成為不可或缺的程式化環(huán)節(jié)之一
One could unfortunately go on.
不幸的是
Casuistry is about the analysis of complex cases in which layers upon layers of circumstances seem to distance the situation from a generally agreed upon paradigm case.
人們還可以在錯的方向上繼續(xù)詭辯是對復(fù)雜現(xiàn)實(shí)分析的一層層的情況
Hard cases present the unscrupulous with opportunities to obfuscate and confuse
使得特定的情況離普遍的現(xiàn)實(shí)越來越遠(yuǎn)混淆的可能性越來越高
but they also present those of good moral with opportunities to clarify.
但是也存在那些優(yōu)秀道德品質(zhì)與澄清的機(jī)會
The Helakhic development of the Rodef defence provides one example of
猶太法發(fā)展出的Rodef限制條件提供
how conscientious thinking can weave together general principles with the kind of complicated developments that occur in the real world,
一個方式來認(rèn)真地思考如何能交織在一起的一般原則在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的復(fù)雜情況
and the issue of torture today is ripe for such debate since there are few harder cases than bloody conflict
當(dāng)今現(xiàn)實(shí)世界中討論酷刑的時(shí)機(jī)已經(jīng)成熟這樣的爭論在一些困難的情況下比血腥沖突
which inevitably complicates clear cases of self defence or the protection of others,
會不可避免地復(fù)雜化明確的情況下自衛(wèi)或保護(hù)
the bible itself makes note of this when it reports Jacob's reaction to his impeding battle of Aesop,
圣經(jīng)本身注意到這一點(diǎn)這反映在雅各布關(guān)于伊索戰(zhàn)役的報(bào)告中
Then Jacob was greatly afraid and was distressed That comments on this verse that Jacob was not afraid because he was worried about his own life
雅各布十分敬畏且悲憫 猶太法評論這節(jié)經(jīng)文說 雅各布不害怕 他很擔(dān)心自己的生命
but that he was worried that he would kill Aesop's men.
但他是擔(dān)心他會殺了伊索的男人
Even though Aesop was coming to kill Jacob and thus Jacob might have had no qualms in killing him first there remains the restriction
甚至盡管當(dāng)伊索寓言來殺雅各布時(shí) 雅各布沒有了先殺人帶來的良心的譴責(zé) 仍然存在的限制
to inflict minimal harm and now I quote from "Hence Jacob rightly feared,
造成傷害最小現(xiàn)在我引述 擔(dān)心 以免在混亂的戰(zhàn)斗中
lest in the confusion of battle he killed some of Aesop's men outright when he might instead have restrained them by merely inflicting injury upon their limbs".
他殺死了伊索男人奪標(biāo)時(shí)他可能反而有禁止他們只是造成損害時(shí)他們的四肢
