評論
打印
Hypertension is also on the rise and as you can see here, it affects many, many more people
高血壓也在增長，如圖所示，影響人數(shù)越來越多
And this is on the rise despite the fact that we know how to treat hypertension
趨勢在增長，雖然我們知道如何治療高血壓
We know what causes hypertension
知道什么導(dǎo)致高血壓
and we've had many decades of good studies and good medicines and know how to treat this
對高血壓我們有幾十年的良好醫(yī)療和研究
Of course both diabetes and hypertension are related to the higher rates of obesity
顯然，糖尿病和高血壓都同肥胖有關(guān)
All of us are getting a little bit heavier
很多人體重都越來越重
and there are more people who are obese and that's certainly related here
過于肥胖，這顯然和這些有關(guān)
But even among people who were normal weight
不過即便是正常體重者
There's more diabetes and more hypertension
糖尿病和高血壓患者也在增多
So let's talk about salt and hypertension
下面講鹽和高血壓
So I said hypertension is on the rise.
我講過，高血壓正在增長
These graphs tells us that hypertension is not only on the rise
這張圖不僅說明高血壓在增多
but among people who have hypertension
還說明，有高血壓的人
far fewer of them are well controlled with their blood pressure
越來越少能良好控制血壓
The number of people who're poorly controlled is also on the rise
控制很差的人數(shù)也在增長
We know that the amount of salt you eat is related to your blood pressure
鹽的食用量同血壓有關(guān)
We know this because when we take very controlled studies
我們做過受控研究
and we ask people to lower their salt intake, we know that their blood pressure grows down
降低鹽攝取后，人的血壓會降低
We know that when we compare countries that have different levels of salt intake
我們對比過不同鹽攝取量的國家
Countries that have higher salt intake have higher average blood pressures than countries that have lower salt intake
較高鹽攝取量的國家平均血壓水平高于低鹽攝取量國家
We know this from following people forward over time and watching as their salt intake varies how their blood pressure varies
我們還對人體進行過跟蹤研究觀察血壓如何隨鹽攝取量變化而變化
This relationship is quite clear there and evident from decades of research
這種關(guān)系非常明確，有數(shù)十年的研究證據(jù)
Now blood pressure as we've said is related to cerebrovascular disease
我講過，血壓關(guān)系到腦血管疾病，中風
that is stroke and cardiovascular disease, disease of the heart
以及心血管疾病，心臟病
We know of that 30% decrease in salt intake is associated with a 25% reduction of cardiovascular disease death
據(jù)研究 30%的鹽攝取量減少能減少25%的心血管疾病死亡率
We know from a great country experiment for Finland,very aggressively lowered the salt in its food supply
根據(jù)在芬蘭進行的大型國家實驗，大幅降低人們食物中的鹽含量
that over the years that the salt was going down
經(jīng)過幾年，食鹽量減少
Their rates of stroke also went down
對應(yīng)中風率也減少
And we know that salt intake is important for diabetics in particular
鹽攝取對糖尿病患者也很關(guān)鍵
Because of the strong relationship between blood pressure and diabetes and the complications of diabetes
因為血壓同糖尿病及并發(fā)癥之間存在很大的關(guān)系
So given the importance of salt intake
了解了鹽攝取的重要性
how are we doing?
我們該如何做呢
So this is the recommendations for salt in the US
這是美國鹽攝取的建議量
It's recommended in general, that we eat less than 5.8 grams of salt a day
建議每天的鹽攝取不超過5.8克
which is less than 2300 mg of sodium
相應(yīng)鈉攝取量小于2300毫克
I'm gonna go back and forth between these a little bit.
這個轉(zhuǎn)換我會反復(fù)使用
Here is the conversion 1 g of salt equals 400 mg of sodium
1克鹽=400毫克鈉
Now even though this is what's on the label of all the foods that you eat
雖然這是標準的攝取量
The reality is that most of us should be using a lower number
但實際上，大部分人應(yīng)該攝取更少
Most of us should be eating less than 3.8 g of salt
大部分人應(yīng)該攝取少于3.8克的鹽
or less than 1500 mg of sodium
或者說少于1500毫克的鈉
