評論
打印
And so studies in controlled settings show that
受控研究顯示
Your taste receptors for salty foods get up-regulated the more salty food you eat
吃得較咸，味覺感受器習慣水平會上調
and as you start to eat less salty food, they get down-regulated
一旦吃得不那么咸，則習慣水平又會下調
and you start to expect that food tastes less salty
此時，你會習慣比較淡的食物
This process actually happens pretty quickly
這個過程很快
So six weeks it takes to down-regulate the salt receptors
六周就能下調食鹽味覺感受
And I want you to picture this because
希望大家能夠明白
One of the themes that those of us who have been thinking about this have come to is that
正因為這種現象
it is probably not the right thing to counsel people to make very dramatic, drastic changes in their salt intake
不要建議人們快速大幅減少鹽攝取
It's probably better to counsel people to move slowly over time
讓他們慢慢減少會更好
Because over time they are likely to get to lower levels of salt intake without noticing much different in the taste of the foods
隨著時間推移，他們能降低鹽攝取水平，且不察覺味道差異
Salt is related to the weight of the foods. So we've learned that
鹽還和食物重量有關
in the Institute of Medicine report on this topic that it is
醫學研究院報告顯示
a more common practice now to inject foods like chicken with salty water
現在往雞中注射鹽水越來越普遍
Because salt draws water and it makes the chicken weight more
因為鹽吸水，讓雞更重
Because there's more water in that chicken
雞中有更多水
So even before you started cooking it, there is already salt in that chicken
也就是說，烹飪之前，雞肉中就已經有鹽了
Salt is of course related to thirst
鹽還能讓人口渴
And related to the need for more beverages if you've sat at a bar or restaurant
酒吧或餐館中
you know the salty chips or nuts and part of the incentive there is order more beverages
會有一些咸薯條和堅果讓你口渴了，買他們的酒水
So lowering dietary salt could lower blood pressure and cardiovascular risk
膳食中降低鹽攝取，能夠降低血壓和心臟病風險
Despite this fact, we're all consuming way too much salt and our intake has been on the rise
雖然如此，人們的鹽攝取量很大而且還在增加
And because salt is already added to the foods that most of us eat
由于鹽很多是早就加入到食品中的
it's hard for any individual to make change easily
個人很難改變這種狀況
And that is why there is a growing interest in movement into thinking of salt as the public health target
所以需要在公共健康領域進行積極活動
And thinking how we can work directly with manufacturers of food
想辦法直接影響到食品生產商
to get them to lower salt that's already added to the foods
讓他們在食品中少加鹽
This is a study that we did looking at what might be the effects of such efforts
這是我們關于類似嘗試結果的研究
We asked, what if we could lower salt in the food supply in the US by about 3 g
問題是，如果美國食品供應中鹽含量降低3克/天
so that the intake would be lower by about 3 g per day?
人們的鹽攝取量降低3克/天，情況會如何
Now, 3 g is half a teaspoon of salt
3克是半茶匙的量
It means all of us would eat on average half a teaspoon less of salt a day
這意味著，所有人每天少攝入半茶匙的鹽
Remember if you're a man, you started at 10.4
記得吧，男性現在是10.4克/天
and if we lowered you by 3, you're at 7.4
減少3克，就是7.4克
If you're a woman, you started at 7.3. We've gotten you down to 4.3
女性現在是7.3克，減少后就是4.3克
None of those numbers are really in the guidelines range.You still have a way to go
這些都還沒達到指導水平。還需要減
