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And what happened was -- when we get in to chapter two of the nuclear threat era, which started back in 1945.
而現(xiàn)實(shí)是當(dāng)我們進(jìn)入1945年開始的核威脅時(shí)期的第二階段
Chapter two starts in 1991.
第二個(gè)階段是從1991年開始的
When the Soviet Union broke up,
當(dāng)蘇聯(lián)解體之后
we effectively lost that adversary as a potential attacker of the United States, for the most part.
美國實(shí)際上上失去了競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手，這個(gè)長久以來潛在的襲擊者基本不復(fù)存在了
It's not completely gone. I'm going to come back to that.
但蘇聯(lián)的威脅也不是完全消失了，我一會(huì)兒會(huì)再提到這一點(diǎn)
But from 1991 through the present time, emphasized by the attacks of 2001,
從1991年開始直到現(xiàn)在，尤其是2001年的”9.11“事件說明
the idea of an all-out nuclear war has diminished and the idea of a single event,
全面爆發(fā)的核戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的可能性已經(jīng)逐漸減小，
act of nuclear terrorism is what we have instead.
取而代之的是單獨(dú)的核恐怖襲擊活動(dòng)
Although the scenario has changed very considerably,
情況雖然和以前大不一樣
the fact is that we haven't changed our mental image of what a nuclear war means.
但事實(shí)是我們頭腦里對(duì)于核戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的理解并未改變
So I'm going to tell you what the implications of that are in just a second.
我一會(huì)兒會(huì)說明這意味著什么
So, what is a nuclear terror threat?
那么，什么是核恐怖襲擊呢？
And there's four key ingredients to describing that.
它有四個(gè)關(guān)鍵組成部分
First thing is that the global nuclear weapons,
第一個(gè)是全球范圍內(nèi)核武器
in the stockpiles that I showed you in those original maps, happen to be not uniformly secure.
就是我之前給大家看的那張地圖所顯示的核武器儲(chǔ)備，其實(shí)并不是全部都處于安全狀態(tài)
And it's particularly not secure in the former Soviet Union, now in Russia.
尤其是那些前蘇聯(lián)所擁有的核武器，現(xiàn)在這些核武器在俄羅斯手中
There are many, many sites where warheads are stored
這些核彈頭儲(chǔ)存在很多地方
and, in fact, lots of sites where fissionable materials,
可事實(shí)上，這其中又很多地方對(duì)于儲(chǔ)存，
like highly enriched uranium and plutonium, are absolutely not safe.
如高濃縮鈾和钚這樣的裂變物質(zhì)而言，并不安全
They're available to be bought, stolen, whatever.
這些核彈頭可能被販賣或是被偷竊
They're acquirable, let me put it that way.
換句話說，它們可以被其他人得到
From 1993 through 2006, the International Atomic Energy Agency documented 175 cases of nuclear theft,
從1993年到2006年，國際原子能機(jī)構(gòu)記錄在案的核失竊案件就有175起
18 of which involved highly enriched uranium or plutonium,
其中18起和高濃縮鈾和钚有關(guān)
the key ingredients to make a nuclear weapon.
這些是制造核武器的關(guān)鍵原料
The global stockpile of highly enriched uranium is about 1,300, at the low end, to about 2,100 metric tons.
全球的高濃縮鈾儲(chǔ)備大約為1300噸到2100噸之間
More than 100 megatons of this is stored in particularly insecure Russian facilities.
其中至少有100噸儲(chǔ)存在非常不安全的俄羅斯的儲(chǔ)備設(shè)施中
How much of that do you think it would take to actually build a 10-kiloton bomb?
大家覺得造一個(gè)一萬噸級(jí)當(dāng)量的核彈，大約需要多少高濃縮鈾呢？
Well, you need about 75 pounds of it.
你需要大約75磅高濃縮鈾
So, what I'd like to show you is what it would take to hold 75 pounds of highly enriched uranium.
所以，我想給大家展示一下，那就是75磅高濃縮鈾大約是多少呢？
This is not a product placement.
我這可不是在做軟廣告。
It's just -- in fact, if I was Coca Cola, I'd be pretty distressed about this --
這只是...事實(shí)上，如果我是可口可樂公司，我一定為此非常郁悶
but basically, this is it.
但是基本上，就是這么多
This is what you would need to steal or buy out of that 100-metric-ton stockpile
你只要從那100噸沒有被安全儲(chǔ)存的原料中偷取或者購買這么多就夠了
that's relatively insecure to create the type of bomb that was used in Hiroshima.
儲(chǔ)存設(shè)施偷取的高濃縮鈾總量，從而制造出一個(gè)核彈威力相當(dāng)于在廣島爆炸的那枚核彈
Now you might want to look at plutonium as another fissionable material that you might use in a bomb.
現(xiàn)在你們可能想看看如果是钚，另一種可用于制造核彈的裂變物質(zhì)
That -- you'd need 10 to 13 pounds of plutonium.
你需要10到13磅钚
Now, plutonium, 10 to 13 pounds: this.
钚，10到13磅，這是這么多，
This is enough plutonium to create a Nagasaki-size atomic weapon.
這些钚足以制造一個(gè)威力相當(dāng)于在長崎爆炸的那枚原子彈
