評論
打印
In addition to that
不僅如此
There has been some evidence
還有證據顯示
That acute stress increases cortisol
短期壓力會增加皮質醇的分泌
And among individuals who show the greatest reactivity to the stress
有的人面對高強度壓力時
That's been determined as high reactors
表現出更強的反應力
When given the opportunity to eat after the stressor
當允許他們在經歷壓力之后吃東西時
Have been shown to actually consume more calories
他們攝入的熱量也更多
So you can see here that
所以大家可以看出
These are the high reactors in response to a stress session
這里顯示的是壓力環節中的高壓力因素
In this case
那么在這個案例中
It was performing a speech
高壓力因素就是發表一次演講
Kind of a standardized go-to-method for stress researchers
這是壓力研究人員的一種標準測試方法
Not so much unlike this
和我現在的演講沒有多大區別
Although you do, you know it's in front of the panel
盡管演講者面對的是一個專家小組
And it's evaluative in nature
專家小組對他們的表現進行評估
And it causes a robust stress response
所以這項任務會使他們產生強大的壓力反應
I will talk more about that in the data that I illustrate
我一會兒會引用研究數據來說明這點
But these high reactors were also the ones
承受了高壓力的測試對象
That consume the most calories
在獲得進食機會時
When given the opportunity
攝入了更多的熱量
This was compared to a controlled condition
這是和沒有承受壓力的
When they didn't undergo a stress
控制小組進行比較后的結果
And these high reactors did differ
因此高壓力因素
From low reactors in the calories that they consumed
確實對人們的熱量攝入產生了影響
So there does seem to suggest that
這似乎也意味著
The stress and the cortisol that's produced is also associated
壓力和身體產生的皮質醇
With behavioral change in calorie consumption
影響了和熱量攝入相關的行為方式
In addition to cortisol
除了皮質醇之外
The other mechanism that I want to note in this selected review
我還要提到的另一個作用機制是
Is the role of neuropeptide Y
神經肽Y抗體的作用
Kuo and colleagues and some elegant studies
2007年的自然和醫學雜志上發表的
Published in 2007 in Nature and Medicine
郭及其同事的研究以及其他出色的研究
Showed that stress upregulates NPY
顯示在不影響腎上腺糖皮質激素的前提下
In a glucocorticoid dependent manner
如果提高神經肽Y抗體的水平
Leading adipose growth
那么當給老鼠喂食高糖分和高脂肪的食物時
When mice were fed high sugar/high fat diet
它們的脂肪會增加
