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The world's top3 killers
世界三大疾病殺手
Heart ailments, infectious diseases and cancer remain the world’s top three killers, the UN health agency said on Monday.
世界衛生組織周一表示,心臟疾病、傳染性疾病和癌癥仍然是導致人們死亡的三大病癥。
Heart attacks and related problems are the top killer, especially among women, claiming 29 percent of people who die each year, the World Health Organization said in a report on the global burden of disease. In second place, infectious diseases lead to 16.2 percent of worldwide deaths.
世界衛生組織在一份全球重點死亡報告中說,心臟病發作及其相連問題是造成死亡最高的。每年死亡人數中的29%是心臟病所致,在女性中尤其突出。排第二的是傳染病，占全球死亡人數的16.2%。第三是癌癥，占全球死亡人數的12.6%。
Cancer, in third, claims 12.6 percent of global deaths, said the 146-page report, which is based on death registration data from 112 countries and estimates where reporting is incomplete.
這份146頁的報告是基于112個國家的死亡統計數據和部分估算數字。
The figures are from 2004，the most recent records available on a wide scale, officials from WHO said. But the rankings are unchanged since 1990 when WHO first did a global check.
世界衛生組織稱，這些數字來源于2004年，是距今最近的可供使用的世界范圍記錄。自世界衛生組織1999年進行全球性調査起，該排名沒有變。
Some 58.8 million people died worldwide in 2004, most of them over 60, the report said. Nearly one in five deaths was a child under 5.
2004年全球共有5880萬左右的人死亡,他們大多數年齡超過60歲。近1/5是5歲以下的兒童。
The heart disease death rate was virtually unchanged from WHO’s previous study on death causes, based on 2002 figures.
心臟病的死亡率和世衛在2002年統計的數據相比,幾乎沒有什么變化。
The rate for infectious diseases dropped from 2002, when they accounted for 19.1 percent of the world’s deaths, partly because estimates for AIDS deaths were revised downward last year，said Colin Mathers, a WHO expert and lead author of the report.
世衛專家、報告主筆科林馬修說，傳染病造成的死亡率與2002年相比下降了。當時傳染病占全球死亡人數的19.1%。這其中部分原因可能是去年的預測降低了艾滋病的死亡率。
Women die more often from heart disease than men. The rate for females is 31.5 percent, and for males 26.8 percent, the report said.
心臟病造成女性死亡率大于男性。報告指出，心臟病在女性中的死亡率是31.5%,男性是26.8%。
Mathers said the percentage for women was higher because there were more women Living at older ages than men.
馬修說,女性的比例高于男性是因為老年女性活得比老年男性長。
But in general, men are more affected by heart diseases, he said.
但通常來說,男性更容易患上心臟病。
“Men in many parts of the world have a higher risk,M he said，adding that they axe more often overweight or obese, get insufficient physical activity and eat more fat and salt.
“在世界上很多地方，男性患病的風險更高。”他補充解釋道,他 們經常超重,沒有足夠的運動,而且更多地攝取脂肪和鹽。
Dr. Nieca Goldberg, an American Heart Association spokeswoman who was not linked to the WHO report, said, “Oftentimes women’s symptoms are more subtle than men’s so they are not recognized and the women don’t seek medical attention as soon as they should."
沒有參與該報告的美國心臟協會發言人妮卡古德伯格說：“在大多數情況下，女性的癥狀比男性隱性多了，造成它不易被察覺,因此大多數女性在她們應該及時就醫時沒有去接受治療。”
“For a long time cardiovascular disease was considered a man’s disease，” Goldberg said in an interview. Doctors therefore often failed to evaluate risk factors in women as aggressively as they should, she said.
古德伯格在接受采訪時說:"長期以來,心血管疾病被認為是男人的疾病。”因此,醫生往往無法評估它們實際上對婦女產生的影響。
Higher rates of women in deaths from heart diseases have been observed since 1984 in the United States, according to Goldberg.
據古德伯格所言，心臟病在女性中有更髙的死亡率,是1984年開始在美國被發現的。
Filling out the top 12 causes of death are respiratory infections including pneumonia in fourth place, 7.2 percent; respiratory diseases, including asthma and allergies, 6.9 percent; accidental injuries and drownings, 6.6 percent; health problems of fetuses and newborns, 5.4 percent; digestive diseases, 3.5 percent; suicide, murder and conflict, 2.8 percent; neuropsychiatric disorders, 2.1 percent; diabetes, 1.9 percent; and maternal health problems related to pregnancy or birth, 0.9 percent.
在12大人類殺手榜上的有:第四名,呼吸道感染，其中包括肺炎,占7.2%,呼吸道疾病,包括哮喘和過敏癥,6.9%,意外傷害和溺水,6? 6%>胎兒和新生兒問題,5? 4%,消化道疾病,3.5%,自殺、謀殺和車禍，2.8%,神經錯亂,2.1%,糖尿病,1.9%,懷孕或生產過程中的保健問題,0.9%。
Dr. Ties Boerma, who heads WHO's statistics department, said there is always a time delay in assembling such data from a number of countries.
世衛組織統計處主任泰斯布爾瑪說，一些國家的這些數據經常沒有在統計期內及時提交。
“Countries have a backlog of two, three years in publicizing their own information，he said.
他說"有些國家在數據積壓了2、3年后才公布。”
In nations where no death registration data are available, the figures are taken from research studies, which take a few years to get published, Boerma said.
布爾瑪說,在不能提供死亡統計數據的國家,采用的是調查研究的數字。這些數字需要好幾年才能公布。
