評論
打印
And answering them and getting evidence for them
回答這些問題 為答案尋找證據(jù)
can form clinical education and public health issues
能夠在很大程度上幫助我們
facing children and adolescents in huge ways
對兒童和青少年開展臨床教育和公共健康教育
I'm gonna take...I'm gonna finish up with
我打算最后簡單講講
very few very brief practical examples
幾個實踐中的例子
of how do we go from this model to making a difference
說明我們?nèi)绾螐哪Ｐ瓦M入了改革實踐
Let's just take some of the most simple and direct effects
舉一些最簡單和最直接的例子
the number of late night accidents of young drivers
青少年夜間開車造成的交通事故數(shù)量
clearly or heavily over-representative
這是再具有代表性不過的了
Falling asleep accidents
開車睡覺和酒后駕駛
are probably as important as alcohol accidents
造成的交通事故同樣重大
I'm gonna just give one simple example
我舉一個簡單的例子
This is one of the many studies
很多研究都嘗試改變學校的上學時間
that looked at changes in school start times
這是其中一個研究
Danner and Phillips changed school start time
戴納和飛利浦將肯塔基州
in a county of Kentucky by 1 hour
一個縣的上學時間推后了一個小時
It resulted in increase in sleep about 30 minutes
結(jié)果使所有高中生
in the average high school students
平均睡眠時間增加了30分鐘
The proportion of students getting at least 8 hours in bed
睡眠時間至少8小時的高中生人數(shù)
increased from 35% to 50%
從35%上升到了50%
These are pretty modest effects
這些效果還不太顯著
but driving accidents in 16 to 18 year olds in that county
但這個縣16到18歲孩子駕駛汽車的事故率
decreased 16% over the next 2 years
在未來兩年降低了16%
Whereas the accident rates in 16 and 18 year olds
而肯塔基州其他地區(qū)16到18歲司機的
in the rest of the state increased 7% over the same period
交通事故率同期則上升了7%
These are potent effects
這些效果非常明顯
just the simple level of accidents
只是從事故層面上來看非常有效
I'm not saying school start times are magic bullet either
我不是說延遲上學時間就可以解決所有問題
It think they help
但我認為這種方法是有效的
but what if we combined changes of school start time
如果我們將推遲上學時間
with education programs targeting knowledge
和關(guān)于睡眠的知識和態(tài)度教育結(jié)合起來
and attitudes about sleep?
那么效果又會如何呢?
