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The Tortuous History of the Foundation of Oxford
牛津大學曲折的建校史
The University of Oxford, located in the English city of Oxford, is the oldest surviving university in the English-speaking World,
牛津大學是現存的英語世界歷史最悠久的大學之一，它位于英國的牛津市。
which consists of those counties or regions that use the English language to one degree or another.
英語世界包含那些在某種程度上使用英語的國家或地區。
Though the exact date of its foundation remains uncertain, there exists evidence of teaching there as early as 1096.
雖然人們還不確定牛津大學建校的確切日期，但是有證據表明早在1096年牛津就有教學活動了。
The Oxford University developed rapidly from 1167，when Henry II banned English students from attending the University of Paris.
從1167年亨利二世下令禁止英國的學生進入巴黎大學學習開始，牛津大學就迅速地發展起來。
Nowadays, it is regarded as one of the word’s leading universities.
如今，它已經被公認為是世界名列前茅的大學之一。
However, it experienced a tortuous process of growth.
但是，牛津大學的發展并不是一帆風順的。
Teaching suspended in 1209 because of the execution of two Oxford scholars by townspeople.
1209年，由于牛津市民處死了牛津大學的兩位學者，教學被中斷了。
An Oxford University scholar killed a woman by mistake when he practised shooting, which activated the contradiction between townsfolk and scholars existing for a long time.
牛津大學的一位學者在練習射箭的時候誤殺了一名婦女，從而激化了牛津市民與學者之間早已存在的矛盾。
As a result，two Oxford scholars were convicted of manslaugh-ters of the woman and were hanged in public.
結果，兩名學者被定罪為是殺死那個婦女的謀殺犯，并且被當眾吊死。
In protest at the hanging, the Oxford went into suspension, with the scholars left Oxford one after another for a number of other locations.
為了表示抗議，學校停課，學者們紛紛遠離這個是非之地，去尋找新的樂土。
These exiled Oxford scholars arrived at Cambridge, and stayed on the River Cam.
有些學者來到劍橋，在劍河邊安頓下來，
Therefore, came into being Cambridge, another well known university in Britain.
英國另一座知名大學——劍橋大學也因此誕生了。
The scholars were not invited back to Oxford until 1214.
直到1214年，學者們才被邀請回到牛津。
