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Balliol College was founded by John I de Balliol, under the guidance of the Bishop of Durham.
貝利奧爾學院是約翰.貝利奧爾在達拉謨主教的指引下建造的。
His support for a house of scholars studying at Oxford began in around 1263.
貝利奧爾就開始資助牛津大學建校舍，
After his death in 1268，his widow continued to superise, so as to ensure the establishment of the college.
在1268年貝利奧爾辭世后，他的遺孀繼續(xù)監(jiān)督校舍建造以確保學院落成。
The founder of MertonCollege was Bishop of Rochester Walter de Merton, chancellor to Henry III and later to Edward I.
默頓學院的建造者是羅徹斯特主教沃爾特.默頓，他是亨利二世以及后來的愛德華一世執(zhí)政時的大臣。
In 1264, Walter drew up statutes for a “house of the scholars of Merton”.
1264年，沃爾特給“默頓的 學者們”起草了一個章程。
Ten years later, he transferred those scholars to Oxford, who he supported at Malden, Surrey.
10年后，沃爾他在薩里郡的莫爾登資助過的學生們轉(zhuǎn)移到了牛津。
Then he established Merton College.
接著，他建立了默頓學院。
For the last three years of his life Walter divided his time between his duties in Rochester and the supervision of Merton College.
在他生命的最后3年里，沃爾特把所有的時間用在他在羅徹斯特的工作和默頓學院的管理上。
Unfortunately, he died from an accident in 1277.
不幸的是，他因一場意外于1277年辭世。
Between the 14th and 15th century, another 7 colleges also came into existence in succession,
14-15世紀，另外7個學院也陸續(xù)建成，
comprising Exeter College in 1314, Oriel College in 1326，Queen's College in 1341，New College in 1379，Lincoln College in 1427，
包括1314年成立的艾克賽特學院、1326年成立的奧里爾學院、1341年建成的女王學院、1379年建成的新學院、1427年建成的林肯學院、
All Souls College in 1438，and Magdalen College in 1458.
分別成立于1438年及1458年的眾靈學院和莫德林學院。
What’s more，there were also two colleges built during this time, St Edmunds Hall in 1226 and Hertford College in 1282.
此外，在此期間建立的學院還有兩個：1226年的圣.艾德蒙學堂和1282年的赫特福德學院。
However, it was not until later that they were admitted as colleges, due to different standards of a college.
但是，由于對學院的評估標準不一，直到后來它們才被承認是學院。
They were making the transition to a college respectively in 1957 and 1740.
它們分別于1957年和1740年改稱為學院。
