評(píng)論
打印
Thank you, Andrea
謝謝你 Andrea
good afternoon
下午好
in the intellectually sophisticated milieu of Renaissance Rome
在16世紀(jì)反宗教改革運(yùn)動(dòng)之前的數(shù)十年里
as elsewhere in Italy
文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期的羅馬
the sixteenth century in the decades
跟當(dāng)時(shí)意大利其它地方一樣
before the Counter-Reformation
知識(shí)界情形非常復(fù)雜
the sacred and the profane were not distinct or separate realms
神圣王國(guó)和世俗王國(guó)并非涇渭分明，劃清了界限
rather they were two aspects of the single seamless culture
相反，它們屬于單一文化相輔相成的兩個(gè)方面
both proceeded from a learned immersion in classical antiquity
兩者均來(lái)自古典時(shí)代，根深蒂固，已經(jīng)潛移默化
which offered paradigms both lofty and low the humanists
既是陽(yáng)春白雪，又是下里巴人
who were veered and emulated the noble prose of Cicero
人文學(xué)者既模仿西塞羅的高雅文體
also devoured the racy texts of Ovid
也如饑似渴地閱讀奧維德的情色文章
and the humoristic dialogues of Lucian
以及充滿(mǎn)幽默感的《琉善對(duì)話(huà)集》
the artists who studied the Apollo of Belvedere and Laocoon
研究觀景殿阿波羅像，與拉奧孔像的藝術(shù)家
In an effort to revive that noble heroic manner
本想重振這種英雄式的高雅體裁
found that the ancient Romans had indulged in equal measure
卻發(fā)現(xiàn)古羅馬人在不那么高雅的題材上
their tastes for less elevated fare
也一樣用心
scenes of heterosexual and homosexual love making
異性或同性做愛(ài)的場(chǎng)景
were common place in Roman wall paintings
在古羅馬壁畫(huà)上很常見(jiàn)
and also frequently appeared on small-scale decorative objects
也經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)小尺寸的裝飾性物件上
such as cameos, silver, pottery, and oil lamps
比如浮雕玉石，銀器，陶器和油燈
not to mention monumental sculptures as well
更不用說(shuō)像紀(jì)念性建筑了
like the monumental architectural and sculptural remains
跟紀(jì)念性建筑物與雕塑遺跡一樣
these miniature and often fragmentary relics of classical antiquities
這些古典時(shí)代流傳下來(lái)的小雕像和殘片
were keenly studied
也得到文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期的
by Renaissance artists and humanists
藝術(shù)家和人文學(xué)者的熱忱研究
particularly in Rome
羅馬尤為如此
where such material is constantly augmented
由于羅馬城時(shí)不時(shí)有新的考古發(fā)現(xiàn)
by new archaeological discoveries
這類(lèi)材料的數(shù)量也不停地增加
such antique examples both fueled and sanctioned
這些古典時(shí)期的例子，對(duì)文藝復(fù)興人
their enthusiastic embrace of lewd imagery
對(duì)下流意象的狂熱追求而言，既是鼓勵(lì)又是遏制
which could be justified
這既是合乎情理的
however speechlessly
又是不可言說(shuō)的
as a learned revival of the Maniera Antiqua
是對(duì)古典主義的一種學(xué)識(shí)型復(fù)興
some of the most rhetorically elevated, learned
文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期，修辭最高雅，飽含學(xué)識(shí)
and refined works of Renaissance art and literature
最精美的一批藝術(shù)文學(xué)作品
were produced by painters and poets
均出自這樣的畫(huà)家和詩(shī)人之手
who turned their energies with equal facilities to
這些藝術(shù)家也將同樣的精力
lewd salacious and erotic subject matter
投入到情愛(ài)色欲的主題中去
artists like Giulio Romano, Perino del Vaga
比如朱里奧·羅馬諾·瓦加
Francesco Salviati and Parmigianino
薩爾維亞蒂，帕爾米賈尼諾
