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8．How to Motivate Workers?
8．如何激勵員工？
It is logical to suppose that things likegood labor relations, good working conditions, good wages and benefits and jobsecurity motivate workers, but one expert, Fredrick Herzberg argued that suchconditions do not motivate workers. They are merely satisfiers.
人們會邏輯推斷某些有利的因素，例如良好的勞資關系，優越的工作條件，豐厚的工資和津貼以及職業安全感都會激發工人的工作動力，但是專家雷德里克·赫茲伯格則斷言這些條件并沒有成為工人工作的驅動力。它們只不過使其獲得滿足罷了。
Motivators, in contrast, include thingssuch as having a challenging and interesting job, recognition andresponsibility. However, even with the development of computers and robotics,there're always plenty of boring, repetitive and mechanical jobs and lots ofunskilled people who have to do them.
相反，激勵機制包括了擁有一份既富有挑戰又有趣的工作、認同與責任等。然而，即使計算機和機器人技術獲得了發展，仍然存在大量無聊、重復和機械性的工作，而大量缺乏技能的人群不得不從事此類工作。
So how do managers motivate people iin suchjobs? One solution is to give them some responsiblities, not as individuals,but as a part of a team. For example, some supermarkets combine office stuff topeople who fill the shelves, and the people who work at the check out into ateam, and let them decide what product lines to stock, how to display them and soon.
因此，經理人如何激勵從事這類工作的員工呢？解決方法之一是賦予他們某種責任，這種責任不是作為個體而言，而是將其視為某個集體中的一部分。例如，有些超市將辦公室人員和理貨員、收銀員合在一起組成了工作團隊，讓他們決定要上什么樣的產品線，以及如何展示它們等等。
Many people now talk about the importanceof a company's shared values or culture with which all the staff can identify,for example, being the best hotel chain, or making the best, the mostuser-friendly or the most reliable products in a particular field.
現在許多人在談論所有員工都認可的企業價值和文化的重要性。例如，成為最佳連鎖酒店或做得做好，用戶界面最友好的，或者成為某一特定領域最值得信賴的產品。
Such values are more likely to motivateworkers than ffinancial targets which automatically only concern a few people.Unfortunately, there's only a limited number of such goals to go around and bydefinition, not all the competing companies in an industry can seriously planto be the best.
這些價值比僅僅與一小部分人有關的經濟目標更有可能激勵員工。不幸的是，這樣的目標設定有限，確切地說，并不是某一行業中所有的競爭企業都能制定出最佳計劃。
