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This picture shows the damage that is caused by
這張圖顯示的是
gluten to the micro-villi in someone who
乳糜瀉患者
suffers from celiac disease.
由麥膠引起的小腸絨毛受損情況
As you can see the image on the left
左邊的圖顯示的是
a healthy intestine has much greater surface area than
健康的小腸
the one on the right damaged by gluten consumption.
腸壁面積遠遠大于受損的小腸
One challenge of diagnosing celiac disease is that
診斷乳糜瀉的一個難點是
there are no classic signs or symptoms.
這種疾病沒有明顯的預示和癥狀
For each person it may be different.
每個人的情況都可能不同
Most people with celiac disease have
大多數乳糜瀉患者會出現腹脹
complaints of bloating, abdominal pain and diarrhea.
腹痛和腹瀉
Some people develop anemia, joint pain
有些人則會出現貧血，關節痛
stomach pain, irritability or depression, dental
易怒或者抑郁
and/or bone disorders like osteoporosis
牙齒和/或者骨骼方面的疾病
foul smelling or oily stools, skin rash
如骨質疏松，惡臭或油性大便，皮疹
weight loss and stunted growth in kids.
體重下降，兒童則會出現發育遲緩
These symptoms can also imitate other conditions.
這些癥狀也可能預示著其他疾病
Further testing of these symptoms is needed
找到病根
to determine the root problem.
需要對這些癥狀進行進一步的檢查
Dermatitis herpetiformis is a skin rash
皰疹性皮炎是一種皰狀并且發癢的皮疹
that is itchy and blistery disease on the elbows
由麥膠蛋白過敏引起
knees and buttocks that is also caused
多發在肘部，膝蓋
by gluten intolerance.
以及臀部
It is a sure sign of celiac disease.
這是乳糜瀉的一種預兆
This photo shows dermatitis herpetiformis
張照片顯示的是
on the elbow.
肘部的皰疹性皮炎
People with celiac disease can also have
乳糜瀉也可能
silent celiac disease meaning
以一種隱蔽的方式產生
they have no outward symptoms of the disease.
這個意思就是患者不會出現外在癥狀
However consumption of gluten still causes
盡管如此，食用含有麥膠蛋白的食品
the same damage to the small intestine.
仍然會對小腸造成損害
These people must still follow a gluten free diet.
這樣的人也應該進行無麥膠蛋白飲食
Shown here is a pie chart depicting
這張圖表顯示的
the prevalence of some common
是乳糜瀉的
symptoms of celiac disease.
常見癥狀
As you see diarrhea in blue affects
你可以看到，藍色標注的腹瀉
about 15% of patients with celiac disease.
會影響15%的乳糜瀉患者
Infants or children with celiac disease
患有乳糜瀉的嬰幼兒
will not develop properly and
無法正常發育
be classified as failure to thrive, which is in red.
會被歸類為發育障礙，用紅色標注
Other symptoms that affect celiac disease sufferers
影響乳糜瀉患者的癥狀還包括
include anemia, emotional issues, stomach pain
貧血，情緒問題
distended abdomen, vomiting and constipation
胃痛，腹脹
and a variety of other symptoms.
嘔吐，便秘等等
Lately there has been a fad of people interested
最近有一些人
in following a gluten-free diet.
對無麥膠蛋白飲食很感興趣
As gluten-free foods keep coming up
無麥膠蛋白食品在市場上
on the market there are many people
出現得越來越多
who are choosing to eat gluten-free
有很多沒有患乳糜瀉的人
but who don't have celiac disease.
也開始熱衷于這種食品
Gluten is only harmful to those
麥膠蛋白僅對被診斷
who are diagnosed with celiac disease.
患有乳糜瀉的人才是有害的
For the rest gluten doesn't have a negative effect.
對其他的人來說，麥膠蛋白并沒有負面影響
There are some people who don't have celiac disease
有一些沒有患乳糜瀉的人也表示
who report feeling better when consuming no gluten.
如果不吃含麥膠蛋白的食品他們感覺更好
Whether this is the placebo effect or
這到底是一種安慰劑效應還是
there is actually an intolerance is yet to be determined.
確實有過敏現象還有待進一步調查
No current research can back up these claims.
現在并沒有相關研究來支持這一說法
By law wheat flour must be enriched
根據法律，小麥面粉必須添加
and fortified whereas other non-wheat flour products
營養物質進行強化
are not required to do so.
但是其他的非小麥面粉并不用這么做
There is no harm in eating gluten-free
無麥膠蛋白飲食并沒有害處
however lack of certain nutrients found in
但是可能會出現缺乏一些營養物質的現象
fortified wheat products, including vitamin B1, B2, B3
這些營養物質存在于強化小麥面粉中
and iron maybe seen.
比如維他命B1 B2 B3以及鐵
In this photo Chelsea Clinton's gluten-free
這張照片中的
wedding cake made the news this summer
切爾西，克林頓的無麥膠蛋白結婚蛋糕
publicizing the gluten-free trend.
引領了今夏無麥膠蛋白食品的風潮
