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Treatment of oral cancers can include many different
口腔癌的治療囊括了許多不同的技術
techniques; the choice of treatment depends mainly on
治療的選擇主要取決于個人身體的總體情況
a person's general health, where in the mouth or
癌癥源于口腔還是嗓子，腫瘤的大小
throat the cancer began, the size of the tumor and
以及癌癥是否已經擴散
whether the cancer has spread. For early cancers
對于早期的癌癥外科手術來說
surgery is usually done to remove the tumor but it is
通常情況下是在癌癥沒有擴散
typically not done if the cancer has spread to
到頸部時摘除腫瘤
the neck. Radiation therapy is also used. Advanced
激光療法對此也很適用
cancers require more treatment, either chemotherapy,
晚期癌癥需要更多的治療，要么是化學療法
radiation therapy or a combination of the 2 is done
激光療法，要么兩者結合去擊中并鎮壓腫瘤
to target and suppress the tumor. Targeted therapy is
目標療法是一種通過使用藥物
a new tool that uses a drug to inhibit the growth of
制止腫瘤繁殖的新型方法
the tumor; it is used in combination with chemotherapy
它是通過將化學療法和激光療法
and / or radiation therapy. Speech therapy may also be
合二為一來使用，治療后需要通過語言障礙
needed after treatment to improve movement of the mouth
矯正來提高嘴及下顎一帶的活動
and jaw, chewing, swallowing and speech. Because
咀嚼，吞咽和說話等的能力，因為
advanced cancer removal is so invasive, reconstructive
晚期癌癥的切除外科手術是擴散危害性的
surgery may need to be done later as well.
所以可能需要在后期進行修復手術
Survival rates are typically low because of the damage
因為腫瘤造成的破壞和擴散，癌癥存活率很低
and spreading the tumor has done. 5 year survival rates
大約有50%的癌癥患者可以存活5年
are around roughly 50% however if the tumor is caught
然而如果能夠在早期階段切除腫瘤
in early stage the survival rate goes up to between 80
存活率就會上升到80%-90%
to 90%; this is a significant increase and shows the
這是一次有意義的增長并且說明了
importance of early discovery, not only for oral
在早期發現癌癥的重要性，不僅口腔癌
cancers but all types of cancer.
是這樣，所有類型的癌癥都是這樣
Oral cancer can be prevented, most causes of oral cancer
口腔癌可以預防，我們能夠控制引發口腔癌
we can control. Practicing good oral hygiene helps keep
的大部分原因，好的口腔衛生有助于口腔清潔
the oral cavity clean and harmful bacteria at bay.
遠離有害細菌
Limiting the use of tobacco and alcohol products is
控制吸煙和酗酒是另一種
another easy way to prevent oral cancer. Many problems
預防口腔癌的簡單方法
with the diet are not related to the actual foods by
許多飲食問題與實際的食物無關
bacterial fermentation of the food is the bigger
而由細菌發酵的食物才是個更嚴重的問題
problem, therefore consuming a healthy diet with
由于細菌和噬菌在癌癥中起作用
limited snacking, especially on sugary foods,
因此人們推薦少吃零食的健康飲食
is highly recommended to limit bacteria and plaque
來限制它們的增長
growth because of their role in cancer.
尤其是甜食
One study conducted in Italy took place from 1992
意大利的一項從1992年到2005年的
to 2005, a total of 804 patients admitted to local
調查顯示，總共有804個病人到醫院檢查
hospitals with confirmed oral or pharyngeal cancer
確診患有口腔癌或者咽喉癌
were examined. The control group consisted of 2080
對照組的2080個病人因不相關的原因
patients admitted to the same hospitals for unrelated
也進入同一家醫院
reasons. They were then frequency matched for study,
他們和研究
center location, sex and 5 year age groups.
中心位置，性別，五年年齡組相匹配
Each person was given a food frequency questionnaire,
每一個人都有一個頻繁的食物問卷
5 major diets were identified and 29 macro nutrients
確認了五種主要的食物，檢查了29種宏營養
and micro nutrients were examined. The diets consisted
以及微營養，這些食物包括
of an animal product diet, starch rich, vitamins and
畜產品，富含淀粉的食物，維生素以及
fiber, unsaturated fats and retinol and niacin.
纖維素，不飽和脂肪，維生素A以及煙酸
Results from the study showed a positive association
研究結果顯示了再續產品和口腔癌之間
between animal products and oral cancer.
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