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In a study performed by Karl Braunshweig and
在2001年，卡爾．布朗斯威格
colleagues in 2001 researches looked at the cases of
及他的同事做的研究表明，他們通過
27 cancer patients and examined the relationship
對27例癌癥患者的觀測檢查出癌癥
between nutritional intervention methods, meaning
與營養干預方式之間的關系：
if the received enteral or parenteral nutrition
那就是，如果把吸收腸胃營養或腸胃外營養
and compared these feeding methods to complications
同那些復雜的喂養方式相比
and mortality rates in order to determine whether
對于患癌病人來說，死亡率是為了確定
results supported the use of enteral nutrition i
調查結果支持使用腸胃營養
nstead of parenteral nutrition for patients suffering
而不是腸胃外營養
from cancer. The results of this study showed that
這個研究結果表明了
enteral nutrition or tube feeding were associated with
從整體上來說腸內營養或者胃管喂食
a significantly lower risk of infection overall
存在較低傳染的風險
however in the studies with which patients had a higher
然而，在研究中一些病人含有較高的
rate of protein energy nutrition such as cancer
蛋白質能量營養 像癌癥惡病質
cachexia there is a significantly higher risk of
使用腸內營養
mortality and infections with enteral nutrition
而不是腸胃外營養
rather than with parenteral nutrition.
就會有較高的死亡及傳染風險
Parenteral nutrition was thus determined to be the
因此在病人營養不良的情況下
preferred route of treatment when patients are
腸胃外營養是更好的治療途徑
malnourished. While these practices are best used
雖然，這些實際操作方法最好在癌癥治療
during cancer therapy we will now focus of nutritional
過程中使用 但我們現在開始將會關注
intervention strategies for after therapy.
治療后的營養干預策略
Once children have entered remission nutrition
兒童一旦進入緩解營養康復階段
rehabilitation may still be needed in order to get the
為了讓小孩回到正常喂養和飲食模式中
child back into normal feeding and eating patterns.
營養康復是仍然需要的
Some of the side effects of chemotherapy may
化療的一些不良反應仍然存在
still exist. These side effects such as diarrhea,
這些不良反應如腹瀉
constipation, sore mouth, weight loss or poor appetite
便秘、口腔潰瘍、體重下降、食欲不振
and poor digestion can often be combated nutritionally,
及消化不良等，經常阻止營養的吸收
for instance if a patient is suffering from diarrhea,
例如，如果一個孩子腹瀉
kid friendly foods that children would benefit from
對他最有益處的食物有蘋果汁
in this state include apple sauce or other ripe fruits
或者其他成熟的果蔬 因為這些食物含有
and vegetables because these foods contain high amounts
大量的果膠，果膠里的水溶纖維可以緩解
of pectin, a water soluble fiber that can form
腸道不適。酸乳酪因為其里面含有益生菌
a soothing coating in the intestines. Yoghurt because
含鈉較高的清湯和餅干
it contains beneficial bacteria to the gastro
因其鈉元素能在人腹瀉的時候
intestinal tract and high sodium soups and crackers
幫助保持水分而不流失
because this sodium helps the body retain water lost
使人不會脫水
during diarrhea and helps prevent dehydration.
這些都是有益食物
There really can be a wide range of nutrient
實際上，營養不良的范圍很廣
deficiencies but there was a very recent study done
但最近的一個研究表明
that actually took a look at the diet of childhood
他們為了確定癌癥兒童所少的營養成分
cancer survivors in order to establish what nutrients
他們觀察了癌癥幸存兒童的飲食習慣
they were deficient in. In a 2011 study entitled
在2011年一篇名為
‘the dietary intake after treatment in childhood
《兒童癌癥患者治愈后的營養攝入》
cancer survivors’, the diet of 50 childhood cancer
的研究報告中 50名兒童癌癥治愈者
survivors was assessed with a 3 day food diary recorded
的父母記錄了他們三天的食譜
by their parents. This was done to see if there were
做這些是為了觀察那些兒童癌癥治愈者
any specific nutrients that childhood cancer survivors
是不是缺少某些特別的營養物質
were lacking specifically. Of the 50 childhood cancer
50名兒童癌癥治愈者
survivors 20% of the participants were overweight or
其中20%的兒童超重或者肥胖
obese, 54% were consuming above their estimate energy
54%的兒童消耗的能量遠遠大于預計的
requirements, more specifically the 3 day food diary
能量需求 值得注意的是
revealed that 50% of children did not meet their
三天的食譜記錄顯示，有50%的兒童
requirements for folate. 32% of children did not
葉酸鹽需求量沒有達到要求
meet their requirements for calcium and 44% of
32%的兒童鈣元素
children did not meet their requirements for iron.
44%的兒童鐵元素沒達到要求
