評論
打印
Now, let's come to the second category, physical paralinguistic features, which involves the body.
現在，讓我們來看看第二種，身體的副語言特征，它涉及到身體。
In addition to conveying meanings with tone of voice, we can also express our intentions through the ways in which we use our bodies.
除了用音調傳達意義外，我們還可以通過使用身體的方式表達我們的意圖。
You may ask: what are the ways, then? Let me cite some brief examples.
你可能會問：那是什么方式呢？讓我舉一些簡單的例子。
The expression on our face, the gestures we make and even proximity or way we sit, are some of the ways we send powerful messages about how we feel, or what we mean.
我們臉上的表情，所做的手勢，甚至我們坐著的距離和方式，都有力地傳達了我們的感受和意圖。
Let me explain some of these in more detail. First, facial expression. Facial expression is a powerful conveyer of meaning.
我要更詳細地解釋這些。首先，面部表情。面部表情是傳遞意義的一種有力方式。
We all know smiling is an almost universal signal of pleasure or welcome.
我們都知道微笑是一種幾乎全球通用的表示快樂或歡迎的信號。
But there are other facial expressions that may not be so common.
但也有一些其他的面部表情可能不那么常見。
For instance, raising eye-brows suggest that you are surprised or interested in something.
舉個例子，挑眉毛表示你對某事感到驚訝或感興趣。
Other facial actions, such as biting your lip, which indicates that you are deep in thinking, or are uncertain about something;
其他的面部動作，比如咬嘴唇，這表明你在思考，或者不確定某件事；
compressing the lips, which show that you are making decisions; and a visible clenching of the teeth, to show that you are angry, are all powerful conveyers of meaning, too.
抿緊嘴唇，表明你在做決定；還有明顯的咬牙，表明你很憤怒，這些都是傳遞意義的有力方式。
The second in this category is gesture. You see, we use gesture to indicate a wide range of meanings.
這個類型還包括手勢。你看，我們用手勢來表示各種各樣的意思。
Though I have to emphasize that the actual gestures we use may be specific to particular cultures.
雖然我必須強調，我們實際使用的手勢可能只適用于特定的文化。
That is to say different cultures have their own favorite gestures in conveying meaning.
也就是說，不同的文化在傳達意義時有自己最喜歡用的手勢。
Here, a few examples may show you how powerful gestures can be.
舉些例子，讓你知道手勢有多強大。
In British English behavior, shrugging shoulders may indicate an attitude of "I don't care", or "I don't know".
在英國人的行為中，聳肩可能表明“我不在乎”或“我不知道”的態度。
Crossing your arms may indicate relaxation. But it can also powerfully show you are bored. Waving can mean welcome and farewell.
交叉雙臂可以表示放松。但它也能有力地表明你很無聊。揮手表示歡迎和告別。
While scratching your head may indicate that you are at a loss. In other cultures, placing your hand upon your heart is to indicate that you are telling the truth.
撓頭可能表明你很困惑。在其他文化中，把你的手放在心口上是為了表明你在說真話。
Pointing your finger at your nose means it's a secret. That's why we say that gestures are culture bound.
把手指放在鼻子上表示這是一個秘密。因此我們說手勢與文化緊密相關。
