評論
打印
W: Good morning, Dr. Harley. Thank you very much for coming on our radio talk. We know that you are an applied linguist specializing in second language acquisition.
女：早上好，哈利博士。非常感謝你來參加我們的電臺談話。我們知道你是一名應(yīng)用語言學(xué)家，專攻二語習(xí)得。
M: Right.
男：沒錯。
W: So, today. We'll look at this issue. Now, first, Dr. Harley. Could you please tell us what is second language acquisition?
女：所以,今天。我們來看看這個問題。首先，哈雷博士，你能告訴我們什么是第二語言習(xí)得嗎?
M: Well, second language acquisition is happens when a child or adult has already become competent at a language. Then, they attempt to learn another.
男：嗯，第二語言習(xí)得是這樣的。首先，一個孩子或成年人已經(jīng)掌握了某種語言。然后，他們還試圖學(xué)習(xí)另一種語言。
W: Ok, most people think, including me, it is difficult to learn another language. What are the reasons? Why is it so?
女：好吧，大多數(shù)人，包括我在內(nèi)，都認(rèn)為學(xué)另一種語言很困難。原因是什么呢？為什么會這樣？
M: Well, there are a number of reasons for this. First, there have been research studies.
男：原因有很多。首先，這方面的研究有很多。
M: They have shown that some aspects of language learning especially syntax are more difficult beyond a certain age, say after around 12 years of age.
男：這些研究表明，過了某個年齡，比如12歲，語言學(xué)習(xí)的某些方面，尤其是句法學(xué)習(xí)，就變得更加困難。
W: So, age plays an important role in language learning?
女：所以，年齡在語言學(xué)習(xí)中的作用很重要嗎？
M: Yes. But that's not the only reason.
男：是的，但這并不是唯一的原因。
W: Oh, is that so?
女：哦，是這樣嗎？
M: Yes. For example, time and interest. Old children and adults often have less time and motivation to learn a second language.
男：是的。比如，時間和興趣，也起著很重要的作用。年長的孩子和成年人學(xué)習(xí)第二種語言的時間和動力通常比較不足。
W: Mm...
女：嗯。
M: Another is related to the similarities and differences between one's mother tongue and a second language.
男：還有一個原因跟第二語言和母語之間的異同有關(guān)。
M: We find that learners will experience difficulty when their mother tongue and the second language they are learning differ.
男：我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，母語和第二語言有不同時，學(xué)習(xí)者會覺得比較困難。
M: In general, the more idiosyncratic a feature is in a particular language relative to other languages, the more difficult it will be to acquire.
男：一般來說，與其他語言相比，一種語言中的特征越少見，就越難習(xí)得。
W: Perhaps this is the key issue. Differences between languages cause language learning problems.
女：或許這才是關(guān)鍵所在。語言之間的不同讓語言學(xué)習(xí)困難重重。
M: Well, this may be one of the issues here, but this cannot be the whole story, as not all differences between languages cause difficulty. Let me give you an example.
男：嗯，這可能是一個問題，不過并不是全部，因為并不是所有不同都帶來困難。我給你舉個例子。
W: OK.
女：好。
M: Research has found that many errors by Czech speakers learning English were made on syntactic constructions in which the two languages do not differ.
男：研究發(fā)現(xiàn)許多說捷克語的人，學(xué)英語的過程中會犯句法錯誤，而兩種語言在句法結(jié)構(gòu)上并無不同。
W: Oh, really. The picture is more complicated than we've imagined.
女：嗯，真的。事情比我們想象的更復(fù)雜。
M: Definitely yes. Each language learning situation is different. So reasons vary a lot from case to case.
男：對。每種語言學(xué)習(xí)情景都不同，所以每個情境中，原因也非常不同。
