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2011年英語專業八級真題聽力 Mini-lecture(2)

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Second in terms of time, people in high-context cultures are considered to have what is called a polychronic attitude toward time.

第二,在時間方面,一般認為高語境文化的人有一種多元時間態度。
Here "poly" means multiple and "chronic" means time.
這里的“poly”意思是多元的,“chronic”是指時間。
What this means is that they believe people, things, events have their own time and there can't be a standard system of time for everything.
這意味著他們認為人,物,和事件都有自己的時間,不可能有適用于一切的標準時間體系。
What this leads them to believe is that you can't emphasize punctuality. Things happen when they are supposed to happen.
這使得他們相信,人不能強調守時。一切事情都要順其自然。
So there's a different attitude toward time. There is no set standard of time. You can't control time. Everything has its own sense of time.
所以這是一種不同的對待時間的態度。沒有固定的時間標準。你不能控制時間。一切事物都有自己的時間觀念。
So it's a culture that pays little attention to time, to clock time.
所以這是一種不太關注時鐘時間的文化。
Now, let's move on to low-context culture. A lower context culture is just the opposite.
現在,讓我們來看低語境文化。低語境文化正好相反。
A low-context culture is one in which the message, the event or the action is a separate entity, having meaning onto itself, regardless of the surroundings or the context.
低語境文化中,信息、事件或行為都是獨立的實體,不管周圍環境或背景如何,它們本身都有意義。
That the message, the event, the action has meaning in itself.
信息,事件,行為本身有意義。
So what this means in a low-context culture is that people pay more attention to the event itself rather than to the context which surrounds the event or the message.
因此,這意味著在低語境文化中,人們更關注事件本身而不是事件或信息的環境。
For example, in terms of personal space again, there's more emphasis on individuality.
還是舉個個人空間的例子,低語境文化更強調個性。
So the concept of privacy is very very important whereas before as I said in a high-context culture they might not even be concerned with privacy or personal space.
所以隱私的概念是非常非常重要的,而之前我在高語境文化的介紹中說過,他們可能不關心隱私或個人空間。
But in a low-context culture, there's a feeling that we each have our own personal space.
但在低語境文化中,我們會覺得每個人都有自己的私人空間。
If you get too close, if you don't knock on doors before entering, that's an invasion of privacy; people feel violated.
如果你離得太近,如果你不敲門就進門,那是對隱私的侵犯;別人會覺得被冒犯了。
There's a respect and desire for privacy, and you also see that people might pay less attention to body language because as I said the message is, the message is everything.
人們對隱私有一種尊重和渴望,你也會看到人們對肢體語言的關注比較少,因為正如我所說的,信息就是一切。
They are not going to worry about all the details around it. What you say is the important thing or what you do is the important thing.
他們不會擔心周圍的細節。重要的是言行本身。

重點單詞   查看全部解釋    
chronic ['krɔnik]

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adj. 長期的,慢性的,慣常的

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invasion [in'veiʒən]

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n. 侵入,侵略

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entity ['entiti]

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n. 存在,實體

 
emphasize ['emfəsaiz]

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vt. 強調,著重

 
emphasis ['emfəsis]

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n. 強調,重點

 
separate ['sepəreit]

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n. 分開,抽印本
adj. 分開的,各自的,

 
concept ['kɔnsept]

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n. 概念,觀念

 
control [kən'trəul]

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n. 克制,控制,管制,操作裝置
vt. 控制

 
individuality [individʒu'æliti]

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n. 個性,人格,特征

 
concerned [kən'sə:nd]

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adj. 擔憂的,關心的

 
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