Political Institution政治體制

1)A workable form of government under the Constitution: a federal system of government which has two layers of rule.
兩極統治的聯邦政府體制。

2)Separation of powers with checks and balances under the Constitution: The Constitution divides the government into three branches: the legislative, the executive and the judicial. Each branch has only part of the powers but not all the powers. The three branches are in balance and they may check each other.
三權分立和制衡制度：憲法將政府劃分為3個部門，立法部門、執法部門和司法部門。每個部門只有部分權利不是全部。三個部門權利平衡并互相限制。

3) Safeguards for individual liberty under the Constitution: the Bill of Rights. It is the term used for the first ten amendments to the Constitution. Ti guarantees freedom of religion, freedom of speech, freedom of the press, freedom of assembly and petition, freedom from unreasonable searches, right to jury trial, right to due process of law and other legal rights.
憲法下的個人自由的保護：人權。這是最早的十個憲法修正案中的總稱。他確保了宗教、言論、出版、集會、請愿和免受無理搜查的自由，還確保了接受陪審團審判、享受應有的法律程序和其他合法權利。

4)Powers of the American president: ①The president is the head of the executive branch（行政部門首腦）. ②He is also head of state(元首) elected by the whol nation. ③he has some legislative powers(立法權); ④he is responsible for the relations of the United States with foreign nations; ⑤ he signs Bills passed by Congress into law.⑥ he appoints fedeal officials;⑦he has some judicial powers;⑧commander-in-chief(總司令)⑨he can serve for no more than 2 term任期不超過2屆。
總統權利：總統是行政部門首腦；2.國家元首；3.立法權；4.負責美國與其他國家的關系；5.6.委任政府官員；7.司法權利；8.總司令；9. 任期不超過2屆。

5）Powers of the House of Representatives: the House of Representatives can ①introduce legislation, ②revenue bills and ③bring charges against officials, including the President.
眾議院權利：1.立法；2.征稅法案3.指控官員，包括總統。