4)the admission system in US univerisities: The general standards for admission include successl completion of high school(高中畢業), high school grade point average(GPA)( 高中年紀平均積分點成績) and class rank (在班級名次),results from standardized tests such as the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SIA)(學生技能測試) and American College Testing Program's(美國大學考試計劃) examination. But some universities practise open admission(敞開招生): they admit all high school graduates and all residents of the state(州內所有居民) 。

大學的入學體系：入學的普遍標準包括中學的順利畢業，GPA，班級名次，標準化測驗的成績就像SAT和ACTP。但是一些大學也實行開放式入學：他們允許所有中學畢業生或所有本州的所有居民。

The role of the community college:①they prepare students for transferring to a BA program at a four-year institution. ②they provide vocational training;③they give remedial instruction(補習課) to students. ④they offer recreational, cultural activities for adults. ⑤they absorb students in a four-year program who are not qualified into a lower-status vocational program.

社會學院的作用：1.為學生攻讀4年制院校學士學位做準備；2.提供職業培訓；3.補習指導；4.為成人提供文化娛樂活動；5.將不適應4年制學習的學生吸收到較低一級的職業培訓中。

5) Adult education

some colleges and universities offer "continuing education" program of associate degrees, graduate studies or professional development.under such system,a worker may continue his study even on a part-time basis.一些學院和大學提供繼續教育,授予準學士學位，研究生課程或專業培訓。在這樣的體制下，工人可以在業余時間繼續其學業。

6)Education reform in the 1980s and early 1990s.教育改革

①"a Nation At Risk" report in 1983 put forward five proposals(P.328) to improve American education;the education reforms had two focuses: the raising of the standards of teaching and learning; the restructuring of the schools.1983年，一篇名為〈處于危機中的國家〉的報道，提出了5條建議改善美國的教育；教育改革有兩個重點：提高教學水平，調整學校結構。

②in 1991,President Bush issued his plan "America 2000: An Education Strategy". It set six goals(P.330) and put forward a series of proposals to help carry out some of the goals.
1991年，布什總統公布了他的〈2000年的美國：一項教育策略〉計劃。確定了6個目標和有效達到這一目標的一系列建議。