[參考譯文]由于警察認為人們（市民，社會工作者，醫生，立法人員以及法官）頭腦簡單—比如，法官不是重罰以消除犯罪而是量刑從輕以期促使罪犯改過自新—因此，他們與社會之間的隔閡更深一層。
36. A spear or a robot is as much a cultural as a physical object.
[參考譯文]予和機器人既是物理體，同樣也是文化現象。
37. The inner workings of our own brains we feel to be uniquely worthy of investigation, but, custom, we have a way of thinking, is behavior at its most commonplace.
[參考譯文]對于人腦的內部活動，我們認為特別值得研究。但對于傳統風俗，我們卻覺得那不過是最最平常的行為而已。
38. John Dewey has said in all seriousness that the part played by custom in shaping the behavior of the individual as over against any way in which he can affect traditional custom, is as the proportion of the total vocabulary of his mother tongue over against those words of his own baby talk that are taken up into the language of his family.
[參考譯文]約翰·杜威曾經十分認真地說過，風俗習慣對個人的行為的影響與個人對傳統習慣的影響之比，正如一個人母語的詞匯總量與他兒時從家庭用語中學會的兒童用語之比。
39. The most vivid body of “things” in it, of course, are musical instruments.
[參考譯文]當然，音樂文化的最生動的物質載體是樂器。
40. Through the study of instruments, as well as painting, written documents, and so on, we can explore the movement of music from the Near East to China over a thousand years ago, or we can outline the spread of Near Eastern influence to Europe that resulted in the development of most of the instruments in the symphony orchestra.
[參考譯文]通過對圖片、文字記載以及樂器等的研究，我們可以了解一千多年以前近東音樂傳入中國的情況，也可以勒出近東音樂的影響波及歐洲并導致交響樂的大部分樂器發展和演變的大致輪廓。
41. Conflict, defined as opposition among social entities directed against one another, is distinguished from competition, defined as opposition among social entities independently striving for something which is in inadequate supply.
[參考譯文]戰爭沖突與競爭不同，前者可以定義為社會實體之間彼此對立的抗爭，后者可定義為各個實體在單獨獲取供應不足的物資時所產生的對抗。
42. Many authors have argued for the inevitability of war from the premise that in the struggle for existence among animal species, only the fittest survive.
[參考譯文]許多作家根據動物世界為生存而進行的斗爭中具有適者生存的規律這一點，論證戰爭是不可避免的。
43. As Dr. Samuel Johnson said in different ear about ladies preaching, the surprising thing about computers is not that they think less well than a man, but that they think at all.
[參考譯文]正如在不同時代，塞繆爾·約翰遜博士所談論的女士布道一樣，計算機的驚人之處不是它們的思考能力不如人類，而是它們居然會思考。
44. Finally, the line between the original and the copy becomes unclear.
[參考譯文]最后，人類和計算機之間的界線將變得模糊起來。
45. Having evolved when the pace of life was slower, the human brain has an inherent defect that prevents it from absorbing several streams of information simultaneously and acting on them quickly.
[參考譯文]由于在其進化期間，人類的生活節奏較為緩慢，人腦形成了固有的缺陷，不能同時接收來自多個渠道的信息并迅速進行處理。
47. In an ideal world, there would be some ways of controlling quality such as that the VCR must be redesigned repeatedly until, say. 90 per cent of the time.
[參考譯文]理想的社會里，一定會有辦法來監控產品的質量。例如，對錄像機，可以通過反復設計，最終達到，比方說，使90%的用戶在90%的情況下能正確使用其90%的功能。
47. We have only to look behind us to get some sense of what may lie ahead.
[參考譯文]要想知道未來會是什么樣子，我們就要回顧過去。或者：回顧過去，我們可以據此展望未來。
48. No one looking ahead 20 years possibly could have foreseen the ways in which a single invention, the chip, would transform our world thanks to its applications in personal computers, digital communications and factory robots.
[參考譯文]如果20年前的人們預想現在的情況，恐怕誰也無法預見到僅集成電路塊一項發明，一旦將其運用于個人電腦、數字通信和工廠機器人身上，會給世界帶來怎樣的變化。
49. Interestingly, though, the rise of the unattractive overnight successes was attributed more to personal relationships and less to abili

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