1. In 1975 psychologist Robert Ader at the University of Rochester School of Medicine conditioned（使形成條件反射） mice to avoid saccharin（糖精） by simultaneously feeding them the sweetener and injecting them with a drug that while suppressing their immune systems caused stomach upsets.
[參考譯文]1975年，羅切斯特大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院的心理學(xué)家Robert Ader在使老鼠對排斥糖精形成條件反射的試驗中，喂食老鼠糖精的同時給它們注射了一種藥劑，這種藥在破壞老鼠的免疫系統(tǒng)的同時還會引起腹痛。
2. Where is industry’s and our recognition that protecting mankind’s great treasure is the single most important responsibility?
[參考譯文]企業(yè)和我們個人什么時候才能意識到保護(hù)人類的資源寶藏是最最重要的責(zé)任呢？
3. If ever there will be time for environmental health professionals to come to the frontlines and provide leadership to solve environmental problems, that time is now.
[參考譯文]如果說有需要環(huán)保專業(yè)人員站出來擔(dān)負(fù)起領(lǐng)導(dǎo)責(zé)任的最佳時機(jī)的話，現(xiàn)在可謂是正當(dāng)其時。
4. The Times newspaper agrees, complaining that quality has suffered as student numbers soared, with close tutorial supervision giving way to “mass production methods more typical of European universities.”
[參考譯文]《泰晤士報》對此有同感，它報怨說，由于學(xué)生人數(shù)激增，教學(xué)質(zhì)量受影響，因為個別指導(dǎo)不得不讓位于“歐洲大陸國家高校里慣有的大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)方式”。
5. If food already contains natural carcinogens, it does not make sense to add dozens of new man-made ones.
[參考譯文]盡管食品中已經(jīng)含有了天然的致癌物質(zhì)，但是，再人為地增加一些有毒物質(zhì)也是很不應(yīng)該的。
6. By studying mineral grains found in material ranging from rocks to clay articles, previous researchers have already been able to identify reversals dating back 170 million years, including the most recent switch 730,000 years ago.
[參考譯文]通過研究巖石，陶器等一系列材料中含有的礦物顆粒，先前的研究人員已能夠確認(rèn)早在1.7億年發(fā)生的磁場兩極轉(zhuǎn)化現(xiàn)象，以及發(fā)生在73萬年以前的最新一次兩極轉(zhuǎn)化現(xiàn)象。
7. Several theories link polarity flips to external disasters such as meteor impacts.
[參考譯文]有些理論將兩極轉(zhuǎn)化現(xiàn)象歸因于諸如隕星撞擊等外部因素。
8. They could not learn: they could not benefit from experience because this emotionless world would lack rewards and punishments.
[參考譯文]人們能夠?qū)W習(xí)的原因是：人的經(jīng)歷能夠帶來獎勵或懲罰。換言之，如果人的某一行為得到的是鼓勵，他重復(fù)這種行為；如果億的某一行為帶給他的是懲罰，他會避免這種行為。為了獲得鼓勵，避免懲罰，人會努力去做他人認(rèn)可的事情，從而不斷進(jìn)步。
9. Out of our emotional experiences with objects and events comes a social feeling of agreement that certain things and actions are “good” and others are “bad”, and we apply these categories to every aspect of our social life-from what foods we eat and what clothes we wear to how we keep promises and which people our group will accept.
[參考譯文]與事物的情感經(jīng)歷使我們產(chǎn)生了一種社會認(rèn)同感，即認(rèn)為某些事情或行為是好的，其他的是壞的。我們還把“好”和“壞”的分類推而廣之，運用于社會生活的方方面面，——從我們吃的，穿的，到如何守信以及與什么人為伍等。
10. The current crisis, it contends, does not derive from a legitimate desire to put learning to productive ends.
[參考譯文]報告堅持認(rèn)為，當(dāng)前高校面臨的危機(jī)不是由將知識運用于生產(chǎn)這一指導(dǎo)思想導(dǎo)致的，這一思想是完全正確的。
11. Yet for all the talk of a forthcoming technological utopia little attention has been given to the implications of these developments for the poor.
[參考譯文]然而，盡管人們正在大談特談即將到來的令人神往的科技王國，卻很少有人意識到這些技術(shù)發(fā)展中國家意味著什么。
12. The electronic economy made possible by information technology allows the haves to increase their control on global market, —with destructive impact on the have-nots.
[參考譯文]信息技術(shù)使電子經(jīng)濟(jì)成為可能，而電子經(jīng)濟(jì)將進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)富國對全球市場的控制，從而給窮國家?guī)�來毀滅性的影響�?BR>13. Home schoolers habor few kind words for public schools, charging shortcomings that range from lack of religious perspective in the curriculum to a herdlike approach to teaching children.
[參考譯文]家庭教育的倡導(dǎo)對學(xué)校教育鮮有褒獎，他們指責(zé)學(xué)校教育的種種弊端，從課和表上沒有宗教課到放牧的教育方法，不一而足。
14. Finally, advertisers try to begin commercials with sounds that are highly different from those of programming within which the commercial is buried.
[參考譯文]最后，廣告人員還運用各種方法使廣告節(jié)目的聲音不同于其他節(jié)目的聲音。
15. The act, designed to protect species’ living areas, and policies that preserve land and forests compete with economic interests.
[參考譯文]這一旨在保護(hù)動物生活場所的法案以及一些保護(hù)土地及森林的政策卻與經(jīng)濟(jì)利益相抵觸。
16. Once again, the scientists have caught us mouthing pieties while acting just the contrary.
[參考譯文]你會說以貌取人不是美國人的做法，這不公平，令人難以置信然而，科學(xué)家們又一次證明我們言行不一。
17. Not content with its doubtful claim to produce cheap food for our own population, the factory farming industry also argues that “hungry nations are benefiting from advances made by

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