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依賴于父母在其祖國的法律地位,如果夫婦離婚的話事情也將變得麻煩。保羅·博蒙特,一名亞伯丁大學(xué)的歐洲與國際私法學(xué)教授,『國際代孕安排』(International Surrogacy Arrangements;譯注:尚無確切國內(nèi)譯法,譯者擅擬)一書的作者,如是說。
"There can be an unfair advantage in a custody dispute. The father will often have parental rights, as the one who supplied the sperm, whereas, more often than not, the egg has been provided by a third party donor... so the mother may not be regarded as the parent of the child," Prof Beaumont says.
“這將成為監(jiān)護(hù)權(quán)爭奪中的一項(xiàng)不公平優(yōu)勢。父親常常因?yàn)樘峁┚佣@得父權(quán),然而,多半的卵子由第三者提供...所以母親或許不被認(rèn)為是孩子的母親?!辈┟商亟淌谡f。
Many experts argue that an international agreement, similar to the Hague Adoption Convention, is needed so that rules are consistent across different countries.
許多專家主張,一項(xiàng)類似于『海牙收養(yǎng)公約』(Hague Adoption Convention;譯注:尚無確切國內(nèi)譯法,譯者擅擬)的國際協(xié)定是必要的,以使不同國家的法規(guī)保持一致。
However, this could be difficult since countries are divided in their views of surrogacy.
然而,自各國對代孕的觀點(diǎn)出現(xiàn)分歧后,這或?qū)⒆兊美щy。
Are there risks for surrogate mothers?
這對代孕母親有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)嗎?
Prof Beaumont argues that regulation is also needed to ensure that "clinics are properly regulated and mothers are adequately compensated, given proper healthcare, and properly consenting".
博蒙特教授認(rèn)為法規(guī)同樣需確保“診所被正確的監(jiān)管,(代孕)母親獲得充分的補(bǔ)償、適當(dāng)?shù)尼t(yī)保和正確的準(zhǔn)許?!?br />
Regulation would also ensure that "the intending parents are considered suitable to be parents in their home country", he adds.
法規(guī)同樣應(yīng)確?!啊绢A(yù)定父母】(intended parents)在其祖國被認(rèn)為是適合當(dāng)父母的?!彼a(bǔ)充道。
Without regulation, one potential risk for many surrogate mothers is that "if the child is born with some kind of defect, the intending parents could abandon the child", as has been claimed in the Gammy case.
沒有法規(guī),對許多代孕母親來說的一項(xiàng)潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)是“如果孩子生來有某些缺陷,【預(yù)定父母】(intending parents)或?qū)⑦z棄孩子。”就像Gammy的案例中報(bào)道的那樣。
Although it is difficult to get hard evidence of exploitation, it is also possible that, like any potentially lucrative industry, surrogacy could be open to abuse, with women forced to act as surrogate mothers for profiteers, Prof Beaumont says.
雖然難以獲得有關(guān)剝削的確鑿證據(jù),但也不無可能,就像發(fā)生在任何潛在有利可圖的行業(yè),代孕可能易被濫用,奸商可能強(qiáng)迫婦女做代孕母親。博蒙特教授說。
My experience with surrogacy: Richard Westoby, author of Our Journey: One Couple's Guide to US Surrogacy
我關(guān)于代孕的經(jīng)驗(yàn):理查德·韋斯特比,『我們的旅行:一對夫婦去美國代孕的指南』(Our Journey: One Couple's Guide to US Surrogacy;譯注:尚無確切國內(nèi)譯法,譯者擅擬)一書的作者
We chose to go to the US because my partner is American, and there is a legal framework in place in a lot of states that protects the surrogates, the intended parents, and the child.
我們選擇去美國的原因是我的配偶是美國人,而且那里的許多州有一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)姆煽蚣軄肀Wo(hù)代孕婦、【預(yù)定父母】(intended parents)和孩子。
All the parties involved had legal representation - our surrogate had her own lawyer represent her when we were negotiating the contract.
所有當(dāng)事人都有合法代表——我們的代孕婦有自己的律師代表其與我們進(jìn)行合同商談。
We spoke about the whole situation - what we were expecting regarding the number of embryos, caesareans, abortion - everything was discussed up front, so everyone was fully informed.
我們談及所有情況——我們所期望的胚胎數(shù)量,剖腹產(chǎn),流產(chǎn)——所有事情都被預(yù)先討論,所以所有人(對代孕)都有了充分的了解。
It's so important that people have the whole picture before it starts. So many things can and do go wrong if you're not properly counselled and guided through the process.
所有人在(代孕)開始前已知悉概況是如此重要。如果在(代孕)過程中你沒有被充分告知并指導(dǎo),很多事情可能并將出錯(cuò)。
Surrogates don't get a huge amount of money. I think surrogates are phenomenal women going through the process because they want to help other people enrich their lives with family.
代孕婦沒有獲得巨額金錢。我認(rèn)為代孕婦們是非凡的女性,她們熬過(代孕)過程是因?yàn)樗齻兿霂椭顺鋵?shí)他們的家庭生活。
My partner was in the room when the twins were born. It's the same as when any parent meets their child for the first time - there were lots of tears. It was indescribable.
我的配偶見證了雙胞胎的誕生。就如任何其他父母初見他們的寶寶——充滿淚水,難以言述。
There's nothing like when your children open their eyes for the first time. It was an incredible feeling.
當(dāng)你的寶寶初次睜開眼睛的時(shí)候是如此與眾不同,如此的難以置信。
Our surrogate is part of our life now - we email regularly and she comes to the UK to see the children.
我們的代孕婦現(xiàn)在是我們生活的一部分——我們定期通電郵,并且她也來英國探望寶寶。

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