評論
打印
Surrogacy laws vary from country to country, which can leave children vulnerable
各國間的代孕法律差異顯著，哪個讓寶寶更弱勢/易受傷害
The case of Gammy, a baby with Down's syndrome who was born to a Thai surrogate mother and allegedly left behind by the intended Australian parents, has caused international controversy. Where do people go to arrange for surrogate babies, and is it legal?
Gammy的案例中，一名由泰國代孕母親所生并患有唐氏綜合癥的嬰兒，被其澳籍的【預(yù)定父母】（intended parents；譯注：尚無確切國內(nèi)譯法，譯者擅擬)所遺棄，此事已引起國際爭議。人們?nèi)ツ睦锇才糯校沂呛戏ǖ模?br />
What is surrogacy?
什么是代孕？
Surrogacy is where a woman becomes pregnant with the intention of handing over the child to someone else after giving birth. Generally, she carries the baby for a couple or parent who cannot conceive a child themselves - they are known as "intended parents".
代孕是：一個女性有目的性的打算將產(chǎn)后的孩子交予他人的受孕。一般而言，她為不能自行受孕的夫婦或父母孕育寶寶——他們（不孕夫婦）被稱為【預(yù)定父母】（intended parents）。
There are two forms of surrogacy. In traditional surrogacy, the surrogate mother's egg is used, making her the genetic mother. In gestational surrogacy, the egg is provided by the intended mother or a donor. The egg is fertilised through in vitro fertilisation (IVF) and then placed inside the surrogate mother.
代孕有兩種形式。傳統(tǒng)代孕中，使用代孕母親的卵子，這使其成為遺傳學(xué)上的母親。在受孕代孕中，使用【預(yù)定母親】或者其他捐贈者的卵子。卵子通過試管受精，再植入代孕母親體內(nèi)。
Is surrogacy legal?
代孕合法嗎？
It varies from country to country.
這在國與國間各不相同。
Countries such as France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Portugal and Bulgaria prohibit all forms of surrogacy.
如在法國、德國、意大利、西班牙、葡萄牙和保加利亞禁止一切形式的代孕。
In countries including the UK, Ireland, Denmark and Belgium, surrogacy is allowed where the surrogate mother is not paid, or only paid for reasonable expenses. Paying the mother a fee (known as commercial surrogacy) is prohibited.
在包含英國、愛爾蘭、丹麥和比利時等的國家中，代孕母親在無償或僅支付合理費(fèi)用的情況下是被允許的。支付（代孕）母親酬金（被稱為商業(yè)代孕）是禁止的。
Elton John (right) and David Furnish are among the celebrities to become parents of a baby born to a surrogate
名人中的艾爾頓·約翰（右）和大衛(wèi)·費(fèi)尼什因代孕而成為一名寶寶的家長
Commercial surrogacy is legal in some US states, and countries including India, Russia and Ukraine.
商業(yè)代孕在美國的一些州是合法的，（合法的）國家包括印度、俄羅斯和烏克蘭。
People who want to be parents may go abroad if their home country does not allow surrogacy, or if they cannot find a surrogate.
想要成為父母的人或許會出國，如果他們的祖國禁止代孕，或者他們無法找到代孕婦。
However, even here, the laws may vary. For example, some Australian states have criminalised going to another country for commercial surrogacy, while others permit it.
然而，即便如此，法律也許有些不同。例如，澳洲有些州已經(jīng)宣布去外國尋找商業(yè)代孕是違法的，而其他（州）則允許。
