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For those seeking to help the worst-off in poor countries, the mobile phone has been a magic wand.
對于那些想要幫助貧窮國家中最貧窮者的人來說，手機(jī)就像一根魔杖。
Mobile-money accounts have helped deliver "financial inclusion"—
移動貨幣賬戶幫助實(shí)現(xiàn)了“普惠金融”——
making financial services accessible to the tens of millions with a phone but no bank account. But they have downsides too.
使數(shù)千萬沒有銀行賬戶的手機(jī)用戶可以使用金融服務(wù)。但它們也有缺點(diǎn)。
The most obvious way digital financial services harm poor people is by laying them more open to fraud.
數(shù)字金融服務(wù)傷害窮人最明顯的方式就是讓他們更容易遭受欺詐。
Research from 2016 cited in a new report by the Consultative Group to Assist the Poor (CGAP),
扶貧協(xié)商小組（CGAP）——
a consortium of donors affiliated to the World Bank,
世界銀行下屬的一個捐贈財團(tuán)，
found that in the Philippines 83% of people surveyed had been targets of mobile-phone scams, with 17% losing money.
發(fā)現(xiàn)在菲律賓，83%的受訪者曾是手機(jī)詐騙的目標(biāo)，其中17%遭受了損失。
In Tanzania, 27% had been targeted and 17% fleeced; in Ghana, 56% and 12%.
在坦桑尼亞，27%的人被盯上，17%被敲詐；在加納，占比分別為56%和12%。
For the most basic deceptions, a thief needs only a phone number.
對于最基本的欺騙而言，小偷只需要一個電話號碼。
A text message might offer congratulations on winning a prize, requiring only a small contribution to unlock it.
一條短信可能祝賀你中獎，而你只需要出一點(diǎn)錢就可以解鎖獎勵。
Your identity might be stolen to make you responsible for repaying a loan disbursed to somebody else.
你的身份可能會遭到盜竊以讓你負(fù)責(zé)償還別人的貸款。
An impersonator might steal your mobile-money account when registering a new SIM card.
冒名頂替者可能會在你注冊新SIM卡時盜取你的移動貨幣賬戶。
Or your account's security code— the PIN—might be leaked by a mobile-money agent
或者你的賬戶安全碼（PIN碼）可能會被移動貨幣代理泄露
(one of the millions of small traders whose business includes turning mobile money into hard cash).
（貨幣代理是數(shù)百萬個小型交易商之一，他們的業(yè)務(wù)包括將移動貨幣轉(zhuǎn)化為現(xiàn)金）。
The poor may be especially susceptible to such scams.
窮人可能特別容易受到這種騙局的影響。
They are more likely to be relatively new both to the online world and to formal financial services.
他們可能會網(wǎng)絡(luò)世界和正規(guī)金融服務(wù)相對了解較少。
And they are less likely to have smartphones with sophisticated security software.
并且他們也不太可能擁有裝有復(fù)雜安全軟件的智能手機(jī)。
It is not just money that can be stolen. So too can all the other data stored on a phone.
被偷走的不僅僅是錢。儲存在手機(jī)上的所有其他數(shù)據(jù)都會被偷走。
Often, however, much has already been given away freely by its owners.
然而，通常情況下，很多東西已經(jīng)被它的主人免費(fèi)贈送出去了。
Many "free" apps are in fact paid for in customer data.
很多“免費(fèi)的”應(yīng)用實(shí)際上是以客戶數(shù)據(jù)換取的。
In every country people gaily sign away their rights to privacy by clicking consent buttons
在每個國家，人們在沒有理解甚至沒有閱讀同意協(xié)議的情況下，
without having understood or even read what they are agreeing to.
通過點(diǎn)擊同意按鈕愉快地簽字放棄了他們的隱私權(quán)。
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